n.列宁主义(苏联第一任领导人列宁根据马克思主义理论创立的政治和经济政策)

Leninism was a political ideology developed by Vladimir Lenin, the founder of the Soviet Union.
列宁主义是由苏联创始人弗拉基米尔·列宁发展起来的一种政治理念。
The core principles of Leninism include class struggle, vanguard party leadership, and the dictatorship of the proletariat.
列宁主义的核心原则包括阶级斗争、先锋队领导和无产阶级专政。
Lenin advocated for the immediate transition to socialism through a socialist revolution, known as "peaceful seizures of power.
列宁主张通过社会主义革命立即过渡到社会主义，即“和平夺取政权”。
His concept of 'proletarian internationalism' emphasized the unity of working-class movements worldwide.
他的“无产阶级国际主义”概念强调了全世界工人运动的一体性。
Lenin believed in the importance of a centralized party structure to guide the revolution.
列宁认为革命需要一个集中的政党结构来指导。
Under Leninism, state control over the economy was central to achieving socialist goals.
在列宁主义下，对经济的国家控制对于实现社会主义目标至关重要。
The theory of 'permanent revolution' posited that revolutions would continue globally until capitalism was abolished worldwide.
列宁的“永久革命”理论认为，全球革命将持续直至资本主义在全球范围内被废除。
Lenin's 'New Economic Policy' temporarily revived the Soviet economy by allowing some private enterprise.
列宁的新经济政策通过允许一定程度的私营企业暂时恢复了苏联经济。
Despite criticisms of his authoritarian tendencies, Leninism remains an influential force in Marxist thought.
尽管受到其专制倾向的批评，列宁主义仍然是马克思主义思想中的重要力量。
After Lenin's death, his ideas were adapted and refined by later Soviet leaders, such as Stalin.
列宁去世后，他的思想被后来的苏联领导人如斯大林加以改编和深化。