I love to sip on a cold
carbonated drink during hot summer days.
我喜欢在炎热的夏天喝冷的碳酸饮料。
The champagne was effervescent, adding to the celebratory atmosphere.
香槟是起泡的，增添了节日的气氛。
She popped the cap off the soda bottle with a satisfying 'pop'.
她用力一扭，瓶盖发出“砰”的一声打开。
Carbonated water can help with digestion by increasing gastric acid secretion.
碳酸水能促进消化，因为它增加了胃酸的分泌。
The fizzy beverage left a tingle on my lips after each sip.
每次喝下那气泡饮料，我的嘴唇都会感到一阵刺痛。
He poured the
carbonated beverage into a tall glass, filling it to the brim.
他将碳酸饮料倒入高脚杯，满满当当的。
The soft drink's label warned about excessive carbonation causing stomach discomfort.
软饮料标签上警告说，过量的碳酸可能导致胃部不适。
She opened the can of
carbonated root beer, releasing a refreshing aroma.
她打开一听碳酸根啤酒，散发出清新的香气。
The scientists studied the chemical reactions responsible for carbonation in beverages.
科学家们研究了使饮料产生碳酸化的化学反应。
The kids giggled as they chased after the escaping bubbles from the
carbonated slushie.
孩子们笑着追逐从碳酸雪糕中冒出的气泡。
Jason Yu, general manager of Kantar Worldpanel China, said, "It is critical for Coca-Cola to maintain its leadership within the carbonated soft drinks market while strengthening its position in those adjacent sectors.
Kantar Worldpanel中国区总经理Jason Yu表示：“可口可乐保持其在碳酸软饮料市场的领导地位，同时加强其在邻近行业的地位，这一点至关重要。
Located in Jujuy, Argentina, the project has total resources of approximately 24.58 million metric tons of lithium carbonate equivalent (LCE), making it one of the world's largest lithium extraction projects from salt lakes.
该项目位于阿根廷Jujuy，总资源约2458万公吨碳酸锂当量（LCE），是世界上最大的盐湖提锂项目之一。
With subsequent capacity ramping up and the optimization of production lines, the project will gradually produce battery-grade lithium carbonate products, the company said.
该公司表示，随着后续产能的提升和生产线的优化，该项目将逐步生产电池级碳酸锂产品。
In addition to the Mero field, which is also the third-largest ultra-deepwater pre-salt oilfield in the world that boasts high-quality and high-yield carbonate reservoirs, the company also has a 5 percent stake in the Buzios field in the Santos Basin pre-salt area with an annual production capacity exceeding 3 million metric tons, he said.
他说，除了Mero油田，该油田也是世界上第三大超深水盐前油田，拥有高质量和高产的碳酸盐岩储层，该公司还持有桑托斯盆地盐前区Buzios油田5%的股份，该油田的年产能超过300万公吨。
A research report from CITIC Securities said domestic lithium carbonate demand for NEVs and energy storage will reach 600,000 tons by 2025, with investment in production lines for lithium extraction from salt lakes expected to reach 10 billion yuan.
中信证券的一份研究报告称，到2025年，国内新能源汽车和储能的碳酸锂需求将达到60万吨，盐湖提锂生产线的投资预计将达到100亿元。
According to Sunresin, nine production lines related to lithium extraction from salt lakes have been completed or are under construction so far, with a total capacity of 73,000 tons of lithium carbonate and lithium hydroxide and a contractual value of more than 2.5 billion yuan.
据Sunresin介绍，截至目前，已有9条盐湖提锂相关生产线已建成或在建，总产能7.3万吨碳酸锂和氢氧化锂，合同价值超过25亿元。
New beverage answers to younger consumers for tasty and healthy dietDanone Waters China, a unit of global food and beverage giant Danone, has officially launched its first zero-sugar sparkling water to double down on the rising carbonated soft drink segment, joining the growing number of brands trying to attract health-conscious younger consumers in the country, just in time for summer as temperatures rise nationwide.
新饮料为年轻消费者提供美味健康饮食的答案全球食品和饮料巨头达能旗下的达能水务中国有限公司正式推出了其首款零糖气泡水，以在不断增长的碳酸软饮料领域加倍努力，加入了越来越多试图吸引中国有健康意识的年轻消费者的品牌行列，正好赶上夏季，因为全国气温都在上升。
Zhu Danpeng, a Guangzhou-based independent food analyst, gave high hopes for the carbonated beverage sector in the years to come, highlighting the great potential of zero-sugar carbonated drinks.
广州独立食品分析师朱丹蓬对未来几年碳酸饮料行业寄予厚望，强调了零糖碳酸饮料的巨大潜力。
Data from AC Nielsen show that in the past three years, carbonated soft drinks (CSD) have dominated with a leading market share and rapid growth in the beverage category.
AC Nielsen的数据显示，在过去三年中，碳酸软饮料（CSD）在饮料类别中占据主导地位，市场份额领先，增长迅速。
The company signed an agreement in January with Yongxing Materials to establish a joint venture to build a lithium carbonate factory.
该公司于1月与永兴材料签署了一项协议，成立一家合资公司，建设一家碳酸锂工厂。
The project, with an investment of 2.5 billion yuan ($400 million), is expected to produce 50,000 tons of lithium carbonate annually, sources at CATL said.
CATL消息人士称，该项目投资25亿元人民币（4亿美元），预计每年生产5万吨碳酸锂。
Zhu said the younger generation of consumers is lending particular momentum to Coca-Cola, as carbonated drinks act as a natural icon of self-expression.
朱说，年轻一代消费者给可口可乐带来了特别的动力，因为碳酸饮料是自我表达的天然象征。
"We are confident that together with Zijin's strong financial resources and mining know-how, we will develop this excellent asset into one of the world's leading lithium carbonate producing mines," Chen said.
陈表示：“我们相信，借助紫金矿业强大的财务资源和采矿专业知识，我们将把这个优秀的资产开发成为世界领先的锂碳酸盐生产矿山之一。”
"Low-alcohol beverages, a crossover category between alcoholic and carbonated drinks, have gradually eaten up the market shares of non-alcoholic drinks," he said.
他称，低度酒精饮料——介于含酒精饮料和碳酸饮料之间的交叉类别——已逐渐侵蚀无酒精饮料的市场份额。
Fast-rising sugar-free beverage brand Beijing Genki Forest Beverage Co Ltd has built its first factory in Chuzhou, Anhui province, producing its milk teas, carbonated water and functional drinks.
The rapid surge of Genki Forest in the beverage sector is mainly driven by the proper positioning of its bottled carbonated water products, said Li Chen, deputy director of the food and beverage sector at Mintel, a United Kingdom-based research firm.
"Genki Forest products have unleashed a strong desire for sugar and calorie-free carbonated water among younger consumers," Li said.
Kantar Worldpanel China data show that the sales of carbonated drinks at home consumption during the epidemic were not greatly affected, maintained a relatively steady growth in the second quarter, mirroring consumers' demand for both health and pleasure.
The history of chalk manufacturing in Liuyuan village dates back to the 1980s when the village was discovered to have an abundance of calcium carbonate, the then major ingredient of chalk.
Coca-Colaxa0last Wednesday announced that it would raise prices on carbonated drinks.
Perrier, which costs 9 yuan ($1.3) for a 330-milliliter bottle and San Pellegrino, which retails at 8 yuan for a 250 ml bottle, are the leading labels in China's carbonated mineral water market.
The consumption of carbonated soft drinks and ice cream had also fallen by 21 percent and 7 percent respectively.
The mining company, which has already gained a foothold in Central Asia, will launch a lithium carbonate mining project in the Argentine province next year.
It will have an annual capacity of 50,000 tons of lithium carbonate products.
Lithium carbonate is a vital ingredient used in electric vehicle batteries.
The recent surge of electric vehicle sales in the world, especially in China, has caused spot prices for lithium carbonate in China to soar 170 percent year-on-year to 142,000 yuan ($22,000) a ton this year, their highest since April 2018, a Reuters report said.
It could be one of the largest lithium carbonate projects in the world when completed, Zhang Jieyuan, vice-president of Tibet Summit, told China Daily at the signing ceremony.
Experts said a supply surplus in the lithium carbonate industry drove down prices of raw materials, benefiting battery makers and buoying the EV sector.
The average price of battery-grade lithium carbonate in China dropped to 132,500 yuan ($18,595) per metric ton on Thursday, about 1,500 yuan per ton lower than the previous day, said commodity data tracker Mysteel.
It came after a drop of 2,000 yuan per ton to 134,000 yuan for per-ton battery-grade lithium carbonate on Nov 29, Mysteel said.
Further efforts will also be made to promote the progress of major projects from battery giants like Contemporary Amperex Technology Co Ltd and Gotion High-tech, to further expand the production capacity of lithium carbonate, battery materials and batteries.
In 2020, nearly 80 percent of the world's lithium carbonate exports came from the region, while the region's iron ore contributed around a quarter.
Global demand for lithium is expected to rise from 500,000 metric tons of lithium carbonate equivalent in 2021 to some 3 million tons to 4 million tons in 2030, McKinsey said.
Together with Tesla's price reduction moves, high lithium carbonate prices and growing demand for high-end chips, Chinese carmakers need to take effective measures to lower operational costs and speed up innovation activities this year, he said, noting that NEV sales may fall during the first two months of this year compared with the same period last year because of the withdrawal of subsidies that were first introduced in 2009.
Li Xiaobing, head of a calcium company in Wuxiang, has for over a decade witnessed the company transforming its business from quarrying to producing nano calcium carbonate -- a new material.
"It can be used as raw material for making paper, plastic, and rubber," Li Xiaobing said, adding that the first phase of a nano calcium carbonate production line with an annual output of 50,000 tons will be put into operation at the end of this year.
Lithium carbonate prices in China rose slightly to 479,500 yuan per metric ton in mid-August, remaining close to the record-high of 500,000 yuan from March and 400 percent higher year-on-year, said Trading Economics.
Lithium is expected to see its demand rise from 500,000 tons of lithium carbonate equivalent in 2021 on a global scale to some 3 million to 4 million tons in 2030, McKinsey said.
Australia is the world's biggest lithium producer, while China is home to 60 percent of global lithium refining, transforming the metal into carbonate or lithium hydroxide.
Rika Liu, a 27-year-old who works for a multinational company in Shanghai, opened a bottle of lime flavored Perrier－a kind of carbonated natural mineral water imported from France－after an hour of an exhausting dance class.
27岁的里卡·刘在上海一家跨国公司工作，结束了一小时高强度舞蹈课后，她打开一瓶来自法国的柠檬味巴黎水——一种含气天然矿泉水。
"It is sports that has made me really get into carbonated water.
正是运动让我真正爱上了碳酸水。
"She usually buys carbonated water from a nearby convenience store or a vending machine at the building where she trains.
她通常会从附近的便利店或她训练所在大楼的自动售货机购买碳酸水。
"Carbonated water is everywhere.
碳酸水无处不在。
"Liu is among a rising number of health-conscious younger Chinese consumers who have contributed to the rapid growth of the carbonated water sector in the past two years.
刘女士是众多关注健康且年轻的中国消费者之一，他们推动了过去两年碳酸水行业迅速增长。
The shrinking population of key younger consumers and enduring concerns about sugar pose challenges to carbonated soda drinks going forward, the report said.
报告指出，关键年轻消费群体规模的缩减以及对糖分的持续担忧，对未来碳酸软饮料市场构成挑战。
Sparkling drinks, led by flavored sparkling water, will see a small and positive impact from the COVID-19 outbreak over the medium and long term due to their positioning as a healthy alternative to traditional carbonated soft drinks, the report stated.
报告指出，以风味气泡水为代表的sparkling drinks（起泡饮料）将在中长期因被定位为传统碳酸软饮料的健康替代品，而从COVID-19疫情中获得轻微但积极的影响。
About 28 percent and 24 percent of respondents said that they drank more flavored sparkling water and carbonated soft drinks, respectively, in the last six months, suggesting the popularity of intriguing flavors and carbonation in the market.
约有28%和24%的受访者表示，他们在过去六个月中分别增加了对风味气泡水和碳酸软饮料的饮用量，这表明市场上对独特风味与碳酸口感的需求正日益增长。
"Carbonated water that blends good taste and the zero calorie concept has offered solutions for consumers who seek good taste but are scared of gaining weight," said Li Chen, food and beverage analyst with Mintel.
“将优质口感与零卡路里理念融为一体的碳酸水为那些追求美味却又担心体重增加的消费者提供了解决方案，”英敏特食品与饮料分析师李晨如是说。
Though the category of carbonated water has existed for many years, it was not until recent years that consumers in China started paying more attention to bubble water products due to the massive marketing campaign by Genki Forest, a new Beijing-based beverage company, said Zhu Danpeng, a food and beverage analyst in Guangzhou, Guangdong province.
尽管碳酸水这一品类已存在多年，但直到近年来，由于北京新兴饮料企业元气森林的大规模营销活动，中国消费者才开始更多关注气泡水产品，广东省广州市食品饮料行业分析师朱丹蓬如是说。
Industry research firm Qianzhan Institute said the size of the carbonated water market in China is estimated at 15 billion yuan in 2019.
行业研究机构前瞻产业研究院表示，预计2019年中国碳酸水市场规模为150亿元。
According to Kantar, consumption revenue from carbonated water in 2019 surged 43.9 percent, far higher than the 5 percent increase of mineral water.
据Kantar数据，2019年碳酸水消费收入激增43.9%，远高于矿泉水5%的增长幅度。
Despite Nongfu's experience, the market for carbonated water is getting bigger.
尽管农夫山泉已有相关经验，但碳酸水市场仍在持续扩大。
Mintel's report found that palatable flavors and a fun texture are keys to the success of carbonated soft drinks and the increasingly popular flavored sparkling water category.
Mintel的报告指出，怡人的口味与有趣的口感对于碳酸软饮料及其日益流行的风味气泡水品类的成功至关重要。
The survey found that snacking occasions at home were also on the rise, which benefited the carbonated soft drinks and snacks categories, including brands such as Coca-Cola, Pepsi and Lay's.
调查发现，居家休闲零食消费次数也在增加，这对包括可口可乐、百事可乐和乐事在内的碳酸饮料及零食品牌产生了积极影响。
Companies accelerate expansion plans as carbonated, functional and imported mineral water with health benefits gain in popularityMore Chinese consumers are taking to new premium water products－carbonated, functional and imported mineral water with health benefits－this summer, fueling heated competition among international and local players.
The green-bottled carbonated mineral water brand has been a growing presence in the majority of first and second-tier cities in China, online and offline, said Phillip Chilton, international brands business director of Nestle Water.
According to research of Kantar Worldpanel, sales of beer and carbonated beverages during the 2018 World Cup grew 43 percent and 32 percent year-on-year, respectively, thanks to massive promotions.
At the State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization at Zhejiang University, Gao and his colleagues have been testing sample packets like coal, fly ash and calcium carbonate from coal-fired power plants across China in order to find the best solution.
The analysis comes after China's Ministry of Finance announced in December it would slash import tariffs on lithium carbonate and cobalt sulfate from 5 percent to 2 percent, and cut tariffs on many other raw materials by 3 to 5 percent.
The Coca-Cola Company recently announced that it would be raising the prices of its carbonated offerings due to rising freight costs and metal tariffs.
"The (investment) trend is a response to declining profitability of lithium companies, driven by factors such as the decreasing price of industrial-grade lithium carbonate, slowing demand growth in the NEV sector, and inventory adjustments throughout the supply chain," said Lin Boqiang, head of the China Institute for Studies in Energy Policy at Xiamen University.
Lin said NEV manufacturers are aware that while lithium resources are abundant, the mining and production of lithium carbonate and other lithium salts typically require a 5-8 year cycle.
"Due to the consistently high prices of lithium carbonate, the economical benefits of recycling, disassembling and reusing lithium iron phosphate batteries have gradually become evident," said Lin Boqiang, head of the China Institute for Studies in Energy Policy at Xiamen University.
Data from Mysteel Group, a Shanghai-based commodity service provider, showed that the price of battery-grade lithium carbonate reached about 515,000 yuan per metric ton on Tuesday, approaching a record high of 517,000 yuan per ton in March.
Companies keen to secure raw materials to supply surging market demandDriven by the surging demand for new energy vehicles and efficient power storage gear－generated by the fast development of 5G base stations and data centers－from both global and home markets, China's lithium battery manufacturers are rushing to expand their factory capacities and seeking ways to secure material supplies of lithium carbonate.
Statistics from 100PPI, a Chinese company that tracks bulk commodity prices, show that battery-grade lithium carbonate was priced at 480,000-522,000 yuan per metric ton on Thursday, almost 10 times its price in 2021.
Seaborne lithium carbonate prices have surged 413 percent from the start of 2021 to Dec 14, while lithium hydroxide prices have climbed 254 percent over the same period, it added.
As a result, lithium carbonate and other lithium salts are highly dependent on imports.
In addition, Chinese battery suppliers have raised prices, spurred by a continuous price surge in raw materials, such as lithium carbonate, and soaring demand for NEVs.
At present, lithium carbonate and other lithium salts are highly dependent on imports.
Prospect Lithium Zimbabwe owns Arcadia, a Zimbabwean lithium mine reportedly having reserves of 1.24 million metric tons of lithium carbonate equivalent as of October.
Lithium carbonate's main industrial use is to produce rechargeable batteries for NEVs.
It is one of the world's largest lithium projects with an estimated reserve of 8.82 million tons of lithium carbonate equivalents.
It is among the world's largest lithium projects with an estimated reserve of 8.82 million metric tons of lithium carbonate equivalents.
Lithium carbonate imports jumped 193.5 percent month-on-month to 10,476 tons in October, according to Customs data.
The S&P Global Platts report showed that prices of lithium carbonate have risen 238.3 percent since the beginning of this year to Nov 19, and hydroxide prices jumped 252.8 percent in the same period.
Within a year, the price for lithium carbonate has more than doubled, explains Caspar Rawles, head of price and data analysis at BMI.
The project, in which Ganfeng has a 51 percent stake, will produce 40,000 metric tons of lithium carbonate equivalents per year and is scheduled to begin production in the first half of next year.
The company's main asset is the Sonora project in Mexico, which is among the world's largest projects for the mining of lithium clays with estimated reserves of 8.82 million tons of lithium carbonate equivalents.
Growth has sparked a surge for lithium supplies at home and abroad, as lithium carbonate is used to power most electric cars.
China's first batch of lithium carbonate futures started trading on Friday at the Guangzhou Futures Exchange, making it the fourth exchange worldwide to offer such contracts.
Lithium carbonate is a core raw material for batteries used in areas such as electric vehicles and energy storage.
According to Shanghai Metals Market, an online metals' information provider, the price of lithium carbonate was on a roller-coaster ride in recent years.
The Guangzhou Futures Exchange (GFE) announced on Tuesday the approval of contracts and trading details of lithium carbonate futures and options, which experts said will provide a much-needed guarantee for stable prices and contribute to the industry's sustainable development.
The introduction of these trading instruments will also encourage lithium carbonate producers to expand production and global cooperation, as they can help hedge against risks and ensure stable business operations, they added.
The move came after the China Securities Regulatory Commission greenlighted the registration of lithium carbonate futures and options on the GFE, which was announced on Friday.
Lithium carbonate is a lithium salt product with extensive downstream applications.
Shanghai Metals Market, an online information provider, said the price of lithium carbonate was around 280,000 yuan ($38,873) per metric ton at the beginning of 2022.
Shanghai Securities News reported that in recent years, spot prices for lithium carbonate have taken a rollercoaster ride with a volatility range of 418.87 percent in 2021.
The significant fluctuations in lithium carbonate prices have led companies in the sector to urgently seek risk-hedging tools.
GFE said that the introduction of lithium carbonate futures and options can provide a guarantee of price stability for mining enterprises and secure their future profitability.
Liang Chuting, assistant manager of commodities at GFE, said that lithium carbonate futures can provide price references for companies' production and purchasing decisions.
Several enterprises, including Ganfeng Lithium, announced in statements that they would apply for warehouses designated by GFE for lithium carbonate trading.
EV battery maker Sunwoda Electronic said that futures, options and other trading tools for lithium carbonate can effectively hedge against risks faced by enterprises and help them achieve stable and robust operations.
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