细胞因子

Cytokines are small proteins that are crucial in cell signaling, playing a role in the regulation of the immune system and inflammation.
翻译：细胞因子是参与细胞信号传导的小型蛋白质，在免疫系统调节和炎症反应中起到关键作用。
Interleukins, interferons, and growth factors are all examples of cytokines that facilitate communication between cells during an immune response.
翻译：白介素、干扰素和生长因子都是细胞因子的例子，它们在免疫反应期间促进细胞间的通讯。
The release of cytokines by immune cells is part of the body's normal response to infection or injury.
翻译：免疫细胞释放细胞因子是机体对感染或损伤正常应答的一部分。
Cytokines can either be pro-inflammatory, promoting inflammation, or anti-inflammatory, suppressing it.
翻译：细胞因子既可以是促炎性的，即促进炎症的发生；也可以是抗炎性的，即抑制炎症。
In autoimmune diseases like rheumatoid arthritis, there is often an overproduction of pro-inflammatory cytokines leading to chronic inflammation.
翻译：在类风湿关节炎等自身免疫疾病中，常常会出现促炎性细胞因子过度产生，导致慢性炎症。
Therapies targeting specific cytokines have been developed for certain diseases, such as using monoclonal antibodies to block TNF-alpha in patients with inflammatory bowel disease.
翻译：针对特定细胞因子的疗法已经为某些疾病开发出来，比如在治疗炎症性肠病患者时使用单克隆抗体来阻断TNF-α。
Cytokines also play a pivotal role in hematopoiesis, which is the formation of blood cells in bone marrow.
翻译：细胞因子还在造血（骨髓中血细胞的形成）过程中扮演着关键角色。
During sepsis, an excessive and uncontrolled release of cytokines may lead to a potentially fatal condition known as a cytokine storm.
翻译：在败血症中，细胞因子过量且不受控制的释放可能导致一种可能致命的情况，即细胞因子风暴。
Researchers are investigating how cytokines contribute to neuroinflammation and its impact on neurological disorders such as multiple sclerosis.
翻译：研究人员正在研究细胞因子如何促成神经炎症及其对多发性硬化症等神经系统疾病的影响。
Cytokines secreted by T-cells are instrumental in orchestrating the adaptive immune response against pathogens.
翻译：由T细胞分泌的细胞因子对于协调对抗病原体的适应性免疫反应起着关键作用。