n.义务论，道义论（伦理学的一科）

Deontology is the moral theory that emphasizes the inherent rightness or wrongness of actions based on their adherence to moral duties and principles.
伦理学中的义务论主张，行动的道德正确性或错误性主要取决于它们是否符合道德责任和原则。
A deontologist would argue that it's always wrong to lie, regardless of the circumstances.
义务论者会认为，无论在何种情况下撒谎都是错误的。
The core principle of deontology is the categorical imperative: "Act only according to that maxim by which you can at the same time will that it should become a universal law.
义务论的核心原则是“普遍化原理”：只按照你愿意它成为普遍法则的方式来行事。
Killing in self-defense is justified within a deontological framework, but murder is not.
在义务论框架内，自卫杀人可以被辩护，但谋杀则不然。
Doctors have a deontological obligation to maintain patient confidentiality.
医生有义务维护患者的隐私权，这是义务论的要求。
Honesty is a fundamental deontological virtue, dictating that we must always tell the truth.
诚实是义务论的基本美德，要求我们始终说实话。
In business ethics, companies are expected to adhere to deontological principles such as fairness and non-maleficence.
在商业伦理中，企业被期望遵循义务论原则，如公平和不伤害他人。
Deontology contrasts with utilitarianism, where the morality of an action depends on its consequences.
义务论与功利主义相对立，后者认为行动的道德性取决于其结果。
A deontologist might reject a bribe even if it leads to a positive outcome for society, because accepting it would violate their moral code.
即使接受贿赂可能导致社会利益，义务论者也可能拒绝，因为这违反了他们的道德规范。
The concept of duty in deontology implies that one has a moral responsibility to fulfill certain obligations without considering personal preferences or desires.
义务论中的责任概念意味着人们有道德责任履行特定义务，而不考虑个人喜好或欲望。