n.成岩作用，岩化作用

Diagenesis is the process by which sediments transform into rock through compaction and cementation.
成岩作用是指沉积物通过压实和胶结过程转变成岩石的过程。
During diagenesis, minerals within the sediment can recrystallize or dissolve, altering the rock's composition.
在成岩作用过程中，沉积物内的矿物质可能会重结晶或溶解，从而改变岩石的组成。
The study of diagenesis helps geologists understand the history and properties of sedimentary rocks.
对成岩作用的研究有助于地质学家了解沉积岩的历史及其性质。
Pore space reduction in sedimentary rocks due to diagenetic processes impacts their porosity and permeability.
由于成岩作用过程导致的沉积岩孔隙空间减少会对其孔隙度和渗透性产生影响。
Organic matter transformation during diagenesis plays a crucial role in the formation of hydrocarbon reservoirs.
有机物质在成岩作用过程中的转化在油气藏形成中起着关键作用。
Through burial diagenesis, clays can transform into more stable minerals like quartz and calcite.
通过埋藏成岩作用，粘土可以转化为更稳定的矿物如石英和方解石。
Understanding the temperature and pressure conditions of diagenesis aids in predicting the depth at which oil maturation occurs.
了解成岩作用的温度和压力条件有助于预测石油成熟发生的深度。
Metals can be mobilized or immobilized during diagenesis, affecting the distribution of ore deposits.
金属在成岩作用过程中可能被活化或固定，从而影响矿床的分布。
Burial diagenesis often leads to the dissolution of some minerals and the precipitation of others, causing mineralogical changes.
埋藏成岩作用常常导致某些矿物的溶解和其他矿物的沉淀，造成矿物学上的变化。
Anaerobic diagenesis in marine environments can lead to the production of methane gas from organic matter.
海洋环境下的厌氧成岩作用可能导致有机质产生甲烷气体。