花外

Extrafloral nectaries are glands found in many plants outside of the flower, often on the underside of leaves or at the tips of stems.
译：额外花外蜜腺是许多植物在花外部的腺体，常位于叶片下侧或茎尖。
Many ants are attracted to extrafloral nectaries, which they defend in exchange for sugary secretions.
译：许多蚂蚁会被额外花外蜜腺吸引，它们会保卫这些腺体以换取甜美的分泌物。
The presence of extrafloral nectaries can deter herbivores by attracting predators that feed on them.
译：额外花外蜜腺的存在可以通过吸引以它们为食的捕食者来阻止草食性动物。
Some plants have evolved to have extrafloral nectaries specifically to lure ants away from potential herbivore attack sites.
译：有些植物进化出了额外花外蜜腺，专门引诱蚂蚁远离潜在的草食性动物攻击地点。
Extrafloral nectaries can also serve as a source of nutrients for developing seeds and fruits.
译：额外花外蜜腺也可以作为发育中的种子和果实的营养来源。
The size and location of extrafloral nectaries can vary greatly among different plant species.
译：不同植物物种之间的额外花外蜜腺的大小和位置可能有很大的差异。
In some cases, extrafloral nectaries may be modified into structures that perform other functions, such as pollen presentation.
译：在某些情况下，额外花外蜜腺可能会被修改成执行其他功能的结构，如花粉展示。
The evolution of extrafloral nectaries is thought to be an example of coevolution between plants and their mutualistic partners.
译：额外花外蜜腺的进化被认为是植物与其互利共生伙伴共同进化的例子。
Extrafloral nectaries can be an important factor in the survival of plants in their natural habitat.
译：额外花外蜜腺可以在植物自然栖息地中生存的重要因素。
Researchers continue to study the complex interactions between plants and their extrafloral nectaries, seeking to understand the full range of their ecological significance.
译：研究人员继续研究植物与额外花外蜜腺之间的复杂相互作用，试图理解它们生态学意义的全部范围。