The
gamma function, denoted by Γ(x), extends the concept of factorial to non-integer values; for example, Γ(5) = 4!.
(伽马函数，用Γ(x)表示，将阶乘的概念扩展到非整数值，例如Γ(5)等于4！
In probability theory, the
gamma distribution is used to model continuous random variables with positive skewness; its shape parameter is often denoted as γ.
(在概率论中，伽马分布用于模拟具有正偏斜的连续随机变量；其形状参数通常表示为γ。
The
gamma distribution has applications in physics, such as modeling the time between events in Poisson processes; γ is the rate parameter in this context.
伽马分布在物理学中有应用，如在泊松过程中的事件间时间模型，其中γ是速率参数。
In computer graphics,
gamma correction is a technique used to adjust the brightness and contrast of images displayed on screens, where a value of 2.2 is commonly used for sRGB displays.
在计算机图形学中，伽马校正是一种调整屏幕上显示图像亮度和对比度的技术，通常sRGB显示器使用2.2作为伽马值。
In finance, the Black-Scholes model uses the
gamma hedging strategy to manage the risk associated with options trading, where
gamma represents the rate of change of delta with respect to the underlying asset's price.
在金融中，Black-Scholes模型利用伽马对冲策略来管理期权交易相关风险，其中伽马表示标的资产价格变化时delta的变化率。
The
gamma exposure of a portfolio measures the sensitivity to changes in the volatility of assets, which is an important consideration for risk management.
投资组合的伽马暴露衡量的是对资产波动性的敏感性，这是风险管理中的一个重要因素。
In statistics, the
gamma distribution is a conjugate prior for the precision parameter in a normal-inverse-
gamma prior distribution, which simplifies Bayesian updating.
在统计学中，伽马分布是正态逆伽马先验分布中精确度参数的共轭先验，简化了贝叶斯更新过程。
The
gamma distribution is related to the Weibull distribution, another widely-used continuous probability distribution, by a simple transformation of the parameters.
伽马分布与另一个广泛使用的连续概率分布——威布尔分布，通过参数的简单变换相关联。
In machine learning, the
gamma distribution is sometimes used in the initialization of neural network weights, particularly in deep learning models.
在机器学习中，有时会使用伽马分布初始化神经网络权重，特别是在深度学习模型中。
The
gamma function has a factorial-like behavior near the integers, but diverges to infinity as x approaches zero; this property is crucial in understanding its role in calculus.
伽马函数在接近整数时表现出类似于阶乘的行为，但当x趋向于零时发散到无穷大；这一特性对于理解它在微积分中的作用至关重要。
Data from the Chinese games database Gamma Data show overseas sales of China's self-developed games reached $17.35 billion in 2022, accounting for over 10 percent of overall gaming sales in overseas markets.
来自中国游戏数据库Gamma Data的数据显示，2022年，中国自主开发游戏的海外销售额达到173.5亿美元，占海外市场游戏总销售额的10%以上。
Efficacy of the vaccine was 92 percent against the Gamma variant and 59 percent against the Mu variant, the trial showed.
试验显示，该疫苗对Gamma变异毒株的有效率为92%，对Mu变异毒株的有效率为59%。
Collectively strains of Delta, Gamma and Mu comprised 73 percent of all strains identified in the study.
在研究中识别出的所有新冠病毒株中，德尔塔（Delta）、伽马（Gamma）和缪（Mu）变异株合计占到了73%。
According to a report by Gamma Data Corp, a Chinese gaming database, the total revenue of the Chinese mobile game market recorded nearly 55 billion yuan from January to February, rising over 49 percent compared to a year earlier.
Statistics from Chinese games database Gamma Data Corp showed the 10 best-selling games on the iOS App Store saw revenues jump more than 40 percent during the seven-day Spring Festival holiday.
Chinese gamers' rising enthusiasm has created a highly lucrative market worth 233 billion yuan this year, up 8.7 percent on a yearly basis, said a report released by Chinese gaming database Gamma Data Corp.
"Another report released by Google and Chinese gaming database Gamma Data Corp shows that revenue generated by Chinese mobile game companies only accounts for 15.8 percent of the total overseas market, and thus there is huge room for growth.
The country's licensing freeze lasted nine months till December, contributing to a 15.4 percent year-on-year growth in the mobile games industry last year, compared to the 41.7 percent year-on-year increase in 2017, statistics from Gamma Data showed.
China General Nuclear Power Corp, one of the country's largest nuclear power companies, has signed an agreement with Italian energy giant Enel for a 100 percent equity purchase of its Gamma new energy project in Brazil, a sign that CGN is entering the clean energy market in South America.
The Gamma project, located in the northeastern part of Brazil, has a total installed capacity of 540MW, including two solar energy projects totaling 450MW and one 90MW wind power project, said the company.
The actual sales revenue of the country's mobile games market saw 15.4 percent growth, to 133.96 billion yuan ($19.82 billion) in 2018, down over 60 percent in growth rate compared with a year earlier according to a recent report by Gamma Data.
A recent report released by industry database Gamma Data Corp said the pan-entertainment industry has become a key driver of economic growth in China.
This is part of HP's broader push to tap into China's e-sports market, which is expected to exceed 100 billion yuan in 2018, up from 73 billion yuan last year, according to gaming research institution Gamma Data Corp. To build its popularity among young consumers, HP has joined hands with RNG, a Chinese professional e-sports team which won the 2018 Mid-Season Invitational championship, an important annual League of Legends gaming tournament in the world.
A recent joint report from the Game Publishers Association Publications Committee, Gamma Data Corp and International Data Corporation showed that mobile gaming is growing stronger in China as the millennials' purchasing power increases.
"Wang Xu, chief analyst at Gamma Data Corp, said as the demographic dividend is disappearing, game developers need to seek new ways to keep the momentum strong, and the IP rights-protected products will help cut the cost to attract users.
A report by the Game Publishers Association Publications Committee, Gamma Data Corp and the International Data Corporation shows that revenue of the gaming market grew by 23 percent year-on-year to 203.6 billion yuan ($32.4 billion) in China in 2017, with more than 60 percent contributed by Tencent and NetEase Inc.
The internet giant is leading a $115 million funding round, together with Times Internet Ltd, a local media and technology firm that incubated Gamma Gaana Ltd, the companies said on Wednesday.
The highly lucrative market generated revenue of 28.61 billion yuan ($3.9 billion) in July, with a nearly 40 percent year-on-year increase and an over 3 percent month-on-month rise, said a new report from Chinese gaming database Gamma Data Corp.
In the first half, the number of China's gaming participants hit a record 668 million, up 0.35 percent year-on-year, said Gamma Data.
Wang Xu, co-founder and chief analyst at Gamma Data, said China's gaming industry will rebound steadily in the rest of the year given rising consumer demand, better performance of existing game titles as well as robust growth of new game titles.
Gamma Data said NetEase's relevant artificial intelligence-generated content (AIGC) services have covered all products, benefiting nearly 1 billion users.
Gamma Data noted that AIGC technology has significantly improved user experience, and it has further strengthened Net-Ease's content development efficiency in multiple fields and leveraged its experience to serve other enterprises.
Citing the new report, Wang Xu of Gamma Data said AI-generated content will significantly boost the high-quality development of gaming content, adding that over 60 percent of leading Chinese gaming firms have already tapped into AIGC fields.
China's self-developed games made their name on the Top 100 mobile games in terms of earnings in markets such as Japan, South Korea, the United Kingdom and Germany last year, accounting for around 30 percent of the total Top 100 mobile game titles, data from Chinese gaming database Gamma Data showed.
According to Gamma Data, the US remains the largest overseas market for Chinese domestically developed mobile games, accounting for over 30 percent of the total foreign revenue of the sector in 2022.
Xu Fanke, an analyst at Gamma Data, said he is bullish about the future of Chinese gaming companies' going-global trend and expects to see more gaming firms expand their presence in overseas markets.
Figures from Gamma Data show that despite the downturn in the global gaming market, the Middle East and Africa, Latin America and Southeast Asia still saw a growth of 11.1 percent, 6.9 percent and 5.1 percent in their mobile games markets last year, respectively.
Gamma Data Corp, a Chinese games database, said the US remains the largest overseas market for mobile games developed by Chinese companies, accounting for more than 30 percent of the sector's foreign revenue last year.
In addition to the US, Japan and South Korea, the United Kingdom and Germany are important international markets for mobile games developed by Chinese companies, Gamma Data Corp said.
Citing Gamma Data Corp, Xu said the international competitiveness of Chinese games companies has improved notably.
The report was jointly conducted by the Game Publishing Committee of the China Audio-Video and Digital Publishing Association and the Gamma Data Corp, a Chinese gaming database.
According to a statement issued by the university, the radiation can kill viruses or pathogenic microorganisms and degrade toxic pollutants in wastewater by using gamma rays, or high-energy electron beams generated by electron accelerators.
According to a survey conducted by Chinese gaming database Gamma Data Corp, 94.5 percent of the 36 surveyed major gaming firms had resumed work as of April 15.
Seeing new growth opportunities, China's gaming firms are actively accelerating the push for overseas expansion, with sales revenues of self-developed games in overseas markets rising 40.6 percent year-on-year to $3.78 billion in the first quarter, Gamma Data said in a recent report.
In the first quarter, sales revenue of China's major self-developed games grew 59.3 percent, 35.3 percent and 56.7 percent year-on-year in the United States, Japan and the United Kingdom, respectively, according to Gamma Data.
"Overseas markets have become important revenue drivers for Chinese gaming companies," said Wang Xu, chief analyst at Gamma Data.
Analysis from Gamma Data, a Beijing-based research company, concluded that 40 percent of gaming enterprises saw a net profit increase of over 50 percent, while even 24 percent of companies doubled their net profits in the first quarter.
According to Chinese games database Gamma Data Corp, the top 10 selling games on the iOS App Store saw revenues rise more than 40 percent during this year's Spring Festival holiday.
Driven by strong increases in export earnings, gaming revenues from domestic market and export incomes jumped 10.6 percent to over 310 billion yuan ($43.8 billion) in 2019, per a report by Gamma Data Corp.
This year, Chinese developers earned $11.19 billion from self-designed online games in overseas markets, up 16.7 percent year-on-year according to Gamma Data.
"Taking into account the competitive advantages of their self-developed products, we expect Chinese gaming companies to gain more revenue and development opportunities in the global market," Gamma Data said.
Chinese games database Gamma Data Corp said the top 10 best-selling games on the iOS App Store saw their revenues rise more than 40 percent during this year's Spring Festival holiday.
In 2019, the gaming sector generated 233 billion yuan in revenues, with a 8.7 percent year-on-year growth, according to Gamma Data Corp. Wang Xu, chief analyst of Gamma Data, noted the revenues generated from the esports industry jumped 16.2 percent to 96.96 billion yuan in the first half of 2019, higher than that of the gaming sector.
Wang Xu, chief analyst at Chinese gaming database Gamma Data Corp, took a rosy view of the future development of esports, saying there is huge growth potential in the burgeoning market.
To foster the long-term healthy development of the esports industry, more efforts are needed to cultivate esports talents, Wang from Gamma Data Corp said.
In fact, Chinese gamers' rising enthusiasm has created a huge market worth 233 billion yuan ($33 billion) in 2019, up 8.7 percent on a yearly basis, a report released by Chinese gaming database Gamma Data Corp said.
The highly lucrative market generated revenues of 233 billion yuan ($33 billion) this year, up 8.7 percent on a yearly basis, said a report released by Chinese gaming database Gamma Data Corp.
Gamma Data expects to see a growing number of Chinese gaming companies expanding their business to more overseas markets.
This year, Chinese developers earned $11.19 billion from their self-designed online games in overseas markets, up 16.7 percent year-on-year, according to Gamma Data.
"Taking into account the competitive advantages of their self-developed products, we expect Chinese gaming companies to gain more revenues and development opportunities in the global market," Gamma Data said.
Another report released by Google and Chinese gaming database Gamma Data Corp showed that the revenue generated by Chinese mobile game companies only accounts for 15.8 percent of the total overseas market, leaving huge room for growth.
"China's mobile game market is gradually expanding, but it is seeing a continuous slowdown in growth rate," Gamma Data said.
The highly lucrative market generated revenue of 116.31 billion yuan ($16.9 billion) in the first half of this year, with a 10.8 percent year-on-year increase, according to a new report from Chinese gaming database Gamma Data Corp.
根据中国游戏数据库Gamma Data Corp.发布的一份新报告，今年上半年，这个极具盈利能力的市场创造了1163.1亿元人民币（约合169亿美元）的收入，同比增加了10.8%。
"Despite the government's tight regulation, the Chinese game industry is rebounding strongly," said Teng Hua, general manager of Gamma Data Corp. "The growth in the total number of players has mainly been boosted by the continuous increase of netizens and the growing need to convert short videos and other internet businesses into cash," Teng added.
滕华，Gamma Data Corp的总经理表示：“尽管政府监管严格，但中国游戏行业正在强劲复苏。玩家总数的增长主要得益于网民数量的持续增加，以及将短视频和其他互联网业务转化为现金收入的需求不断增长。”
China's licensing freeze lasted nine months till December, resulting in 5.3 percent year-on-year growth in the country's game industry last year, compared to the 23 percent year-on-year increase in 2017, statistics from Gamma Data showed.
“伽马数据统计显示，中国的游戏版号冻结持续了九个月，直至去年12月。受此影响，去年中国游戏产业实现了5.3%的同比增长，而这一数字在2017年为23%。”
Gamma Data noted in the report that among all players, more than half are aged under 25, with many born after 1995 and in the 2000s.
A report published by gaming industry analyst company Gamma Data estimated that esports market revenue in Shanghai reached 14.6 billion yuan ($2.07 billion) in 2018, accounting for 19 percent of the national total.
Mobile gaming still remained the largest segment in the first half this year, producing revenue of more than 70 billion yuan, which comprised over 60 percent of the Chinese game market, according to the report released by the Chinese gaming database Gamma Data Corp. Growth in mobile game revenue surged 18.8 percent year-on-year in the first half, compared to the 12.9 percent increase in the same period last year.
Gamma Data noted in the report that growth in the number of total players has mainly been boosted by the continuous increase of netizens and the growing need to convert short videos and other internet businesses into cash.
China's licensing freeze lasted nine months till December, contributing to 5.3 percent year-on-year growth in the country's game industry last year, compared to the 23 percent year-on-year increase in 2017, statistics from Gamma Data showed.
The domestic gaming market grew by 5.3 percent year-on-year to 214.44 billion yuan ($31.22 billion) in 2018, compared to a 23 percent increase in 2017, according to statistics from Chinese gaming database Gamma Data Corp. Overseas markets have become a key source of income for Chinese gaming companies.
"There is still plenty of room for growth in esports players and viewers," said Wang Xu, chief analyst at gaming database Gamma Data Corp. "With more gaming firms tapping into the esports sector, a growing number of key tournaments have been held by esports brands in China.
China's licensing freeze lasted nine months till December, contributing to a 15.4 percent year-on-year growth in the country's mobile game industry last year, compared to the 41.7 percent year-on-year increase in 2017, according to a recent report released by gaming database Gamma Data Corp.
Gamma noted in the report that the slowing growth is mainly due to three factors.
China's mobile game market growth rate has fallen sharply due to the lack of quality new games, according to a report released by Gamma Data recently.
The report is backed by three key players: the Game Publishers Association Publications Committee, which is part of the China Audio-Video and Digital Publishing Association; gaming database Gamma Data Corp; and International Data Corp.
Wang Xu, founder and chief analyst at Gamma Data Crop, said as the government tightened its control over video games with strict policies, the gaming industry sought to adapt to the situation.
Wang Xu, chief analyst at Chinese gaming industry database Gamma Data Corp, said China's "demographic dividend" - the era of uninterrupted supplies of young, cheap Chinese labor - is gradually drawing to a close as the population ages.
In 2017, it generated more than 480 billion yuan ($70 billion) in economic output, with an increase of more than 15 percent year-on-year, according to a recent report released by database company Gamma Data Corp. High-definition smartphone screens, powerful processors, booming mobile internet technologies and multifunction software have made on-screen reading and video-watching more enjoyable and convenient.
Wang Xu, chief analyst at Gamma Data Corp, said that as the country's demographic dividend is disappearing, gaming developers need to explore new methods of business expansion.
Starting Nov 26, the company will recall KX5 automobiles loaded with GAMMA 1.6 T-GDI engine manufacturing between Jan 19, 2016 and Oct 30, 2018, according to the State Administration for Market Regulation.
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