n.动粒，着丝粒

The kinetochore is a protein complex that assembles on the centromere of each chromosome during cell division.
着丝粒是一个蛋白质复合体，在细胞分裂期间会组装在每条染色体的中心体上。
Kinetochore microtubules are the spindle fibers that attach to the kinetochore and facilitate chromosome movement.
与着丝粒相连的微管是纺锤体纤维，它们连接到着丝粒并促进染色体移动。
During metaphase, the tension generated by opposing kinetochore fibers ensures proper chromosome alignment at the metaphase plate.
在中期，由相对着丝粒纤维产生的张力确保了染色体在中期板上的正确排列。
A correctly attached kinetore ensures accurate segregation of sister chromatids during anaphase.
正确连接的着丝粒确保了后期时姐妹染色单体的准确分离。
Kinetochore assembly errors can lead to genomic instability and contribute to the development of cancer.
着丝粒装配错误可能导致基因组不稳定，并促使癌症的发生发展。
The spindle checkpoint monitors the attachment status of kinetochores to delay cell cycle progression until all chromosomes are properly aligned.
纺锤体检查点监控着丝粒的附着状态，直到所有染色体正确对齐才会允许细胞周期进程继续。
In cells lacking functional kinetochores, chromosomes fail to segregate properly, leading to cell death or abnormal cell divisions.
缺乏功能正常的着丝粒的细胞，其染色体会发生错误分离，导致细胞死亡或异常细胞分裂。
The kinetochore-bound motor proteins generate forces required for chromosome movement along the spindle fibers.
结合在着丝粒上的马达蛋白产生沿纺锤体纤维运动所需的力。
The attachment of kinetochore to microtubules is a dynamic process regulated by numerous factors, including Aurora B kinase.
着丝粒与微管的连接是一个动态过程，受到包括奥拉若B激酶在内的多种因素调节。
Studies of the structure and function of kinetochores have advanced our understanding of fundamental cellular processes such as mitosis and meiosis.
对着丝粒结构和功能的研究加深了我们对诸如有丝分裂和减数分裂等基本细胞过程的理解。