n.镧系（元素）；镧族；稀土元素；镧（系卤）化物

The lanthanides, also known as the rare earth elements, are a group of 15 chemically similar metallic elements.
镧系元素，也被称为稀土元素，是一组化学性质相似的金属元素，共有15种。
Lanthanide contraction affects the properties and structure of compounds containing these elements.
镧系收缩影响含有这些元素的化合物的性质和结构。
The lanthanides have unique magnetic and optical properties that make them valuable in technological applications.
镧系元素具有独特的磁性和光学性质，使其在技术应用中具有重要价值。
In the periodic table, the lanthanides occupy a distinct block of elements between the transition metals and the actinides.
在周期表中，镧系元素占据了一个位于过渡金属和锕系元素之间的独特元素块。
The study of lanthanide ions in solution is important for understanding their behavior in various chemical processes.
研究溶液中的镧系离子对于理解它们在各种化学过程中的行为至关重要。
Lanthanide-based materials are used in the development of high-performance magnets and catalysts.
基于镧系元素的材料被用于开发高性能磁体和催化剂。
The luminescence properties of lanthanide complexes make them useful in bioimaging and sensing applications.
镧系配合物的发光特性使它们在生物成像和传感应用中具有用途。
The electronic structure of lanthanides is complex due to the partially filled f-orbitals, leading to a variety of oxidation states.
由于部分填充的f轨道，镧系元素的电子结构复杂，导致了多种氧化态的存在。
The use of lanthanides in optoelectronic devices has been increasing due to their exceptional optical properties.
由于其出色的光学性质，镧系元素在光电器件中的应用正在增加。
The separation and purification of individual lanthanides can be challenging due to their similar chemical properties.
分离和纯化单个镧系元素可能具有挑战性，因为它们具有相似的化学性质。