脑膜炎球菌

Meningococcal meningitis is a severe form of bacterial meningitis caused by Neisseria meningitidis.
The vaccine protects against four types of meningococcal disease: A, C, W, and Y.
Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial in managing meningococcal infections.
Symptoms of meningococcal illness include fever, headache, stiff neck, and a rash called petechiae or meningismus.
Meningococcal bacteria can be transmitted through close contact with an infected person's respiratory secretions.
Prevention efforts include promoting good hygiene, especially in crowded living conditions.
Antibiotics, such as penicillin, are the primary treatment for meningococcal infections.
The incidence of meningococcal disease varies globally, with higher rates in some African and Asian countries.
A meningococcal outbreak at a university led to a vaccination campaign among students and staff.
Post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) antibiotics may be given to people who have had close contact with an infected individual.
脑膜炎奈瑟菌性脑膜炎是一种由奈瑟氏球菌引起的严重细菌性脑膜炎。
疫苗可以预防A、C、W和Y四种类型的脑膜炎奈瑟菌疾病。
早期诊断和治疗对管理脑膜炎奈瑟菌感染至关重要。
脑膜炎奈瑟菌疾病的症状包括发热、头痛、颈部僵硬和皮疹（称为紫癜或颈强直）。
脑膜炎奈瑟菌可以通过与感染者呼吸道分泌物的密切接触传播。
预防措施包括促进良好的卫生习惯，特别是在拥挤的生活环境中。
青霉素等抗生素是治疗脑膜炎奈瑟菌感染的主要手段。
脑膜炎奈瑟菌疾病的发病率在全球各地不同，一些非洲和亚洲国家的发病率较高。
在一所大学发生的脑膜炎奈瑟菌疫情导致对学生和员工进行了疫苗接种活动。
对于接触过感染者的人，可能会给予后暴露预防性抗生素治疗。