n.(细胞内的)线粒体

原形：mitochondrion复数：mitochondria

The mitochondrion is often referred to as the "powerhouse of the cell" because it generates most of the cell's energy in the form of ATP.
线粒体常被称为细胞的“能量工厂”，因为它以ATP的形式产生大部分细胞能量。
Mitochondria have their own circular DNA, distinct from the nuclear DNA found in the cell's nucleus.
线粒体拥有自身的环状DNA，这与细胞核中的核DNA是分开的。
Damage to the mitochondria can lead to various diseases, including some forms of inherited metabolic disorders.
线粒体损伤可能导致多种疾病，包括某些遗传代谢障碍。
During cellular respiration, glucose is converted into energy within the mitochondria through a series of chemical reactions.
在细胞呼吸过程中，葡萄糖在线粒体中通过一系列化学反应转化为能量。
Mitochondria play a crucial role in apoptosis, or programmed cell death, by producing reactive oxygen species (ROS) that can trigger this process.
线粒体在程序性细胞死亡（凋亡）中起关键作用，它们产生的活性氧物质可以触发这一过程。
The fusion and fission of mitochondria are essential for maintaining proper cellular function, as they allow for the exchange of components and the adaptation to changing energy demands.
线粒体的融合和分裂对于维持正常细胞功能至关重要，因为它们允许成分交换并适应不断变化的能量需求。
Mitochondria are involved in calcium homeostasis, regulating the amount of calcium inside the cell to prevent toxicity.
线粒体参与钙稳态，调节细胞内的钙含量，防止钙中毒。
In eukaryotic cells, the transport of molecules across the mitochondrial membrane is facilitated by specific transport proteins.
在真核细胞中，特定的运输蛋白帮助分子穿越线粒体膜。
Scientists are researching ways to enhance mitochondrial function as a potential therapeutic approach for aging-related diseases.
科学家正在研究增强线粒体功能的方法，作为治疗与衰老相关疾病的潜在策略。
The study of mitochondrial dynamics has led to a deeper understanding of cellular health and disease, particularly in neurodegenerative conditions like Parkinson's and Alzheimer's.
线粒体动态的研究深化了我们对细胞健康和疾病的认识，特别是在帕金森病和阿尔茨海默病等神经退行性疾病中。