四级It seems simple enough to distinguish between the organism and the surrounding environment and to separate forces acting on an organism into those that are internal and biological and those that are external and environmental.

区分生物体和周围环境，并将作用在生物体上的力分为内部和生物力以及外部和环境力，这似乎足够简单。

1996年1月大学英语四级(CET-4)真题

四级But in actual practice this system breaks down in many ways, because the organism and the environment are constantly interacting so that the environment is modified by the organism and vice versa (反之亦然).

但在实际实践中，这个系统在很多方面都会崩溃，因为生物体和环境不断地相互作用，因此环境会被生物体改变，反之亦然(反之亦然).

1996年1月大学英语四级(CET-4)真题

四级If we look at man as an animal and try to analyze the environmental forces that are acting on the organism, we find that we have to deal with things like climate, soil, plants and such-like factors common to all biological situations; but we also find, always, very important environmental influences that we can only class as “cultural”, which modify the physical and biological factors.

如果我们把人看作一种动物，并试图分析作用在生物体上的环境力，我们会发现我们必须处理气候、土壤、植物等所有生物情况下常见的因素；但我们也总是发现，非常重要的环境影响，我们只能将其归类为“文化”，它改变了物理和生物因素。

1996年1月大学英语四级(CET-4)真题

考研As the interaction between organism and environment has come to be understood, however, effects once assigned to states of mind, feelings, and traits are beginning to be traced to accessible conditions, and a technology of behavior may therefore become available.

然而，随着生物体和环境之间的相互作用逐渐被理解，一旦被分配给精神状态、感觉和特征的影响就开始被追溯到可获得的条件，因此行为技术可能变得可用。

2002年全国攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试英语试题

考研“There are some real constraints that are set by the genetic architecture of the individual organism,” says anthropologist William Leonard of Northwestern University.

西北大学的人类学家William Leonard说：“个体的基因结构确实存在一些限制。”。

2008年全国硕士研究生招生考试英语试题