The study found that half of the chamber's member companies are pessimistic about the future of China-US relations in the coming year with three-quarters of members reporting their businesses have been impacted by trade tensions.

研究发现，商会一半的会员公司对未来一年中美关系的未来持悲观态度，四分之三的会员表示，他们的业务受到了贸易紧张局势的影响。

They were pessimistic about sales growth on the major shopping festival due to weak consumer spending and sluggish economic growth and some even raised speculation that the sales figures were faked, he said.

In 2018, the growth rate of excavators is expected to decline to about 10 percent, said Lyv Juan, a senior analyst in construction machinery with Founder Securities Co. "But we are not pessimistic about the sales volume this year, partly due to the demand derived from machine replacement and exports," Lyv said in a recent research note.

The outlook for global trade in 2024 remains "highly uncertain and generally pessimistic", the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development said in a report released in mid-December, citing factors such as ongoing geopolitical tensions, escalating debt and widespread economic fragility.

New drivers of foreign tradeIn a December forecast, the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) said that the outlook for 2024 remains "highly uncertain" and "generally pessimistic," and predicted that global trade in 2023 would fall by around 5 percent compared to the 2022 level.

The outlook for global trade in 2024 remains "highly uncertain and generally pessimistic", the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development said in a report released on Dec 11, citing factors such as ongoing geopolitical tensions, escalating debt and widespread economic fragility.

Although certain Western media organizations and analysts take a pessimistic view on China's economy, the consumer market data from the country's exuberant consumer market during the "super golden week" has demonstrated convincingly that their gloomy sentiment is unnecessary.

Pessimistic views about Beijing economy exaggerated and biased, economists sayThe recent pessimistic views about China's economic outlook are exaggerated and biased amid rising anti-China sentiment, said two economists, who highlight alternative energy, electric vehicles and tech sectors as strengths of the economy.

Some pessimistic investors even began to doubt the soundness of the fiscal and financial systems.

In a column in the Financial Times on Sunday, Louis-Vincent Gave, chief executive of China-focused economic consultancy Gavekal, noted that markets are not signaling doom and gloom for China's economy, and financial price moves are telling a different story as opposed to some of the more pessimistic forecasts.

Short-term fluctuations in key data are not sufficient reason to be in any way pessimistic on whole-year economic performance.

- As China's half-year economic growth data was released, some Western media and analysts hastily spouted their pessimistic cliches about the Chinese economy.

Indeed, with a discouraging external environment — the global purchasing managers index continues to decline, the trade order index is still in contractionary territory, the currency index continues a downtrend and global investment is declining — it is natural to think in a pessimistic way about the nation's foreign trade, not to mention that some of the leading trade parameters, such as the export delivery index, new orders index and container index, are all telling a similar story.

The authorities should remain vigilant to prevent economic sluggishness, a deflationary mindset and pessimistic expectations from reinforcing one another and take decisive measures to reverse the economic decline, bolster social expectations and dispel deflationary fears.

But this is just a repetition of their habitual pessimistic tone.

Yet, investors remain pessimistic about the real estate sector.

Even though some foreign institutions predict a bleak outlook for China's foreign trade this year, Chinese exporters, backed by resilient industrial and supply chains, are able to strive for survival and development opportunities in difficult times, achieving results beyond pessimistic expectations.

AmCham China's survey also found that the deteriorating China-US relations have presented the most pressing concerns for US companies operating in China, with pessimistic sentiment growing in recent months.

Their views on the bilateral relationship have worsened, with the percentage of respondents expressing a pessimistic opinion increasing from 73 percent in the chamber's previous survey to 87 percent in this survey.

Zhou Zhicheng, a researcher at the China Federation of Logistics and Purchasing in Beijing, said weak container throughput at ports in China and abroad was partly caused by the overproduction of containers in the past three years and the notable drop in global trade demand due to pessimistic market perceptions, and Chinese ports are not alone in suffering from container pileups.

But when it comes to especially more pessimistic investors, we think there is a risk of missing one of the most significant evolutions taking place in the global finance industry in years — the liberalization of China's fast-growing investment and wealth management industry.

The combination of the two helped China's economy to stabilize under severe circumstances and achieve positive economic growth, beating more pessimistic expectations.

Pork prices are projected to be around 25 yuan per kg under optimistic estimations and 40 yuan under pessimistic estimations if supplies contract due to floods or swine fever.

Although overseas demand for oil has marginally decreased, we should not be overly pessimistic as continued economic recovery in China can be anticipated.

Therefore, the optimistic forecast for oil prices is around $90 per barrel while the pessimistic prediction is $130 per barrel.

Noting that the "China bears are out in force," Lynn said their pessimistic predictions about China are tempting but "fundamentally flawed.

About 15 percent of respondents plan to reduce their operations in China's Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (HKSAR) for the next two years, and a marginal 5 percent felt very pessimistic about the business outlook, according to the report.

But the pessimistic sentiment tends to overlook the strong resilience of the Chinese economy supported by a huge consumer market.

According to He Xiaoyong, a professor of international laws at the East China University of Political Science and Law, the business environment in China in the past year has been the most positive, with only 12 percent of surveyed respondents having a pessimistic view of the situation.

"Nevertheless, the WTO's updated forecast for the next year is more pessimistic than the previous estimate of 21.3-percent growth, leaving merchandise trade well below its pre-pandemic trend in 2021.

It appears the home price index has gone past the most pessimistic moment, and efforts should be made now to consolidate the existing positive effect of supportive policies in the fourth quarter, so as to push the index toward stability and recovery, Yan said.

Looking ahead, people should not hold a pessimistic attitude toward China's real estate market in the medium and long terms.

Another Chinese smartphone maker Oppo said market demand is not as pessimistic as many expected.

Surveys conducted by the Fangdd big data research institute about property agents across the nation showed more than 60 percent of those polled hold a pessimistic view for the pre-owned market in February.

"There is no need to be too pessimistic.

The RRR cut could play down the pessimistic outlook for the real estate sector.

"The PMI reading was not satisfactory, reflecting the pessimistic and cautious sentiment of corporate managers," said Yang Weiyong, an associate professor at the University of International Business and Economics in Beijing.

There is no reason to be excessively pessimistic," said Zhong Meiyan, a researcher at Everbright Futures.

"Analysts, however, said the situation does not require home-owners to be pessimistic as it was brought about by an unprecedented 315 restrictions imposed on the market in the first eight months of this year.

Overall, there is no need to be pessimistic, Chen of the China Real Estate Data Academy said.

In addition, as OpenAI's generative artificial intelligence platform ChatGPT takes the tech world by storm, technology companies also expect it to help reverse the chip industry's pessimistic outlook for 2023.

Geopolitical headwinds have brought challenges for Chinese companies, including Skywell, "but we should not be too pessimistic," said Huang Hongsheng, founder of Skywell and Chinese television maker Skyworth Group.

Even more pessimistic were auto reporters.

"Wei may have been a little too pessimistic.

Many were pessimistic about the Swedish brand's prospects with the then little-known private Chinese carmaker.

Sales in China's car market has fallen for more than 15 months in a row, and many commentators have a pessimistic future outlook.

Its pessimistic view of the market was echoed by BAIC, partner of Mercedes-Benz and Hyundai.

"I am pessimistic this policy will be implemented fully for decades.

"None of these numbers make me pessimistic.

Shenzhen-based technology giant has sufficient product stockpile and other contingency plans to deal with situationFollowing recent measures taken by the United States government against Huawei Technologies Co, many have been increasingly pessimistic about the Chinese company's future.

Another Chinese smartphone maker Oppo said the market demand is not as pessimistic as many had expected.

Currently, the market demand is not as pessimistic as many had expected.

Despite the pessimistic forecast, Chinese smartphone makers are working hard to maintain normal operations.

Yang Haiping, a researcher at the Central University of Finance and Economics' Institute of Securities and Futures, agreed that it is necessary to introduce the stabilization fund at present in the market, which is currently overly pessimistic in terms of sentiment.

The market has reacted overly pessimistic of late, which is mainly due to the slower-than-expected economic growth on a monthly basis.

On the one hand, it will take time for China to mitigate risks in the real estate market, and it is not easy to reverse people's pessimistic attitudes toward the housing market in a short time.

But the significant adjustment over the past few months, exemplified by the unsuccessful issuance of new mutual fund products, the liquidation of certain private equity products, or investors' extremely pessimistic sentiment of the past few weeks, appear to show the A-share market may have digested much of the negative impact already and is nearing the bottom, Yang said.

"There is no need to be overly pessimistic about the A-share market .

The relatively pessimistic market sentiment is the major reason for the recent adjustments, said Hu Bo, a fund manager from Shenzhen Rongzhi Investment Consultant Co. Conservative investors have lowered their positions to cut losses, which has resulted in a large amount of redemptions in mutual fund products and the retreat in major indexes.

Investors should not hold a pessimistic view on the market performance, they said.

As it is still uncertain as to how long the epidemic will last, there are both optimistic and pessimistic outlooks in the market.

Bian Yongzu, a senior researcher with the Chongyang Institute for Financial Studies at the Renmin University of China, said the global financial turbulence has indicated that investors have turned pessimistic over future economic developments as the pandemic has hurt confidence.

"I think they are too pessimistic, but that could remind policymakers all over the world to be vigilant about the risks.

Most other forecasters are less pessimistic.

If the market was pressured by pessimistic expectations, regulators could consider postponing the reform for a while as the same could magnify market declines in the short term by sparking concerns that more IPOs may strain market liquidity, said Hong.

In other words, pessimistic expectations of economic growth will prove self-fulfilling.

"Domestic investors were excessively pessimistic last year.

Gao Ting, head of China strategy at UBS Securities, said investors were overly pessimistic about the market at the end of last year, and the recent rebound is reasonable.

The pledge to slash regulation currently restricting the entry of asset management products can inject some confidence into the market at the year-end amid pessimistic outlook, as the move is expected to channel long-term funds into China's stock market, said a Beijing-based asset manager of a commercial bank, who declined to be named.

Led by worries over tech companies' earnings and trade tensions, pessimistic market sentiment over tech stocks also clouded China's A-share market.

The amount of failed land auctions is increasing, and extending pessimistic sentiment to the market.

In this sense, overly pessimistic investors will only give away the opportunities that should belong to them," said Jiang Qijia, a senior analyst at Noah.

"The detailed guidelines have not changed the tendency of financial deleveraging, but further clarify regulatory standards, which could ease the market's pessimistic expectations," said Huang Yiping, deputy head of the National School of Development at Peking University, and a former member of the central bank's monetary policy committee.

The trade tensions, meanwhile, could be seen as the direct factor that resulted in pessimistic expectations on future policy and economic uncertainties among investors.

"We believe A-share investors are overly pessimistic," said Gao.

Gao Ting, head of China strategy at UBS Securities, said A-share investors are overly pessimistic.

Four out of 10 individual investors are optimistic about the stock market this year, up 10.8 percent from last year, while less than 1 percent are pessimistic, down 4.9 percent year-on-year, and half of respondents remain neutral.

Analysts said Moody's has been too pessimistic to appropriately assess China's debt management.

"That is too pessimistic," said Huo Zhihui, deputy director of rating technology at China Bond Rating Co. "Our estimates show that China's overall debt ratio will not reach 40 percent because China has imposed strict restrictions on government debt issuance," he said.