苯甲酸

Phenformin was an oral antidiabetic drug belonging to the biguanide class, which was withdrawn due to increased risk of lactic acidosis.
翻译：苯乙双胍是一种属于大胍类的口服抗糖尿病药物，由于增加乳酸性酸中毒的风险而被撤市。
In the past, phenformin was widely used for treating type 2 diabetes mellitus before its association with lactic acidosis led to its discontinuation.
翻译：过去，苯乙双胍在与乳酸性酸中毒关联并导致其停用之前，曾被广泛用于治疗2型糖尿病。
The pharmacological action of phenformin is similar to that of metformin, as it reduces glucose production in the liver and increases insulin sensitivity.
翻译：苯乙双胍的药理作用与二甲双胍相似，可以减少肝脏葡萄糖生成，并提高胰岛素敏感性。
Despite being withdrawn from the market, studies on phenformin continue to provide insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying biguanide action in diabetes treatment.
翻译：尽管苯乙双胍已退出市场，但对其的研究仍在持续为理解大胍类药物在糖尿病治疗中作用的分子机制提供深入见解。
Phenformin's adverse effects included not only lactic acidosis but also gastrointestinal symptoms such as nausea and diarrhea.
翻译：苯乙双胍的不良反应不仅包括乳酸性酸中毒，还包括恶心、腹泻等胃肠道症状。
Researchers are exploring whether new derivatives of phenformin could be synthesized to retain the drug's benefits while minimizing the risk of lactic acidosis.
翻译：研究人员正在探索是否可以合成苯乙双胍的新衍生物，在保留药物益处的同时最大限度地降低乳酸性酸中毒的风险。
Patients who were prescribed phenformin prior to its withdrawal still need to be monitored closely for potential long-term complications.
翻译：在苯乙双胍撤市前接受处方的患者仍然需要密切监测潜在的长期并发症。
Although phenformin has been replaced by safer alternatives like metformin, its historical use provides valuable lessons for future drug development.
翻译：尽管苯乙双胍已被像二甲双胍这样的更安全替代品取代，但其历史使用仍为未来药物开发提供了宝贵的经验教训。
The mechanism by which phenformin caused lactic acidosis involved inhibition of mitochondrial respiration, leading to an accumulation of lactate.
翻译：苯乙双胍导致乳酸性酸中毒的机制涉及对线粒体呼吸的抑制，从而导致乳酸积累。
Some off-label uses of phenformin have been reported, although its use is strictly prohibited due to safety concerns.
翻译：尽管出于安全考虑严格禁止苯乙双胍的使用，但仍有一些非适应症用药情况被报道。