逆转录病毒

Retroviruses are RNA viruses that use reverse transcriptase to convert their RNA into DNA, which can then be integrated into the host's genome.
翻译：逆转录病毒是一种RNA病毒，它利用反转录酶将其RNA转化为DNA，然后将此DNA整合到宿主的基因组中。
HIV, or Human Immunodeficiency Virus, is a retrovirus that causes AIDS.
翻译：HIV（人类免疫缺陷病毒）是一种引起艾滋病的逆转录病毒。
The study found that some retroviruses can cause cancer by integrating their genetic material near oncogenes in the host cell.
翻译：研究发现，一些逆转录病毒通过将其遗传物质插入宿主细胞中的致癌基因附近从而引发癌症。
Reverse transcription is a process unique to retroviruses, allowing them to replicate within a host cell.
翻译：反转录是逆转录病毒特有的过程，使它们能够在宿主细胞内复制。
Vaccines have been developed against certain retroviruses like feline leukemia virus and equine infectious anemia virus.
翻译：已经研发出针对猫白血病病毒和马传染性贫血病毒等特定逆转录病毒的疫苗。
Endogenous retroviruses make up a significant portion of the human genome, although most are inactive.
翻译：内源性逆转录病毒构成了人类基因组的很大一部分，尽管大部分都是不活跃的。
Horizontal gene transfer can occur when retroviruses infect a new species and integrate their DNA into the host's genome.
翻译：当逆转录病毒感染新的物种并将它们的DNA整合到宿主的基因组中时，会发生水平基因转移。
Zoonotic retroviruses, such as simian foamy virus, can potentially jump from animals to humans.
翻译：像猴泡沫病毒这样的动物源性逆转录病毒有可能从动物传播给人类。
The long terminal repeat (LTR) sequences in retroviruses play a crucial role in their integration and regulation of gene expression.
翻译：逆转录病毒中的长末端重复序列（LTR）在病毒的整合以及基因表达调控中起着关键作用。
Antiretroviral drugs target various stages of the retrovirus life cycle to prevent replication and disease progression.
翻译：抗逆转录病毒药物针对逆转录病毒生命周期的不同阶段以防止其复制和疾病进展。