结构主义

Structuralism is an approach to the human sciences that assumes all human behavior and cultural phenomena can be understood in terms of underlying structures.
结构主义是一种人类科学的方法，认为所有的人类行为和文化现象都可以从潜在结构的角度来理解。
The structuralist method involves breaking down complex systems into their most basic components for analysis.
结构主义方法涉及将复杂的系统分解为其最基本的组成部分进行分析。
In linguistics, structuralism was used to analyze language as a system of signs with a structure that determines meaning.
在语言学中，结构主义被用来分析语言作为符号系统的结构，该结构决定了意义。
Anthropologists often use structuralism to study social systems and cultural practices within societies.
人类学家经常使用结构主义研究社会体系和社会中的文化实践。
Structuralism has been influential in the development of literary theory, where it has been used to analyze the underlying structures of texts.
结构主义在文学理论的发展中发挥了重要作用，它被用来分析文本的潜在结构。
Some critics argue that structuralism oversimplifies complex phenomena by focusing solely on underlying structures.
一些批评家认为，结构主义过于简化了复杂的现象，因为它只关注潜在的结构。
Despite its criticisms, structuralism remains an important framework for understanding human behavior and culture.
尽管存在批评，但结构主义仍然是理解人类行为和文化的重要框架。
Structuralism differs from functionalism, which focuses on how different parts of a system work together to achieve a specific function.
结构主义不同于功能主义，功能主义关注系统不同部分如何协同工作以实现特定功能。
In psychology, structuralism was replaced by functionalism in the early 20th century, but its influence can still be seen in modern cognitive science.
在心理学中，结构主义在20世纪初被功能主义取代，但它的影响仍然可以在现代认知科学中看到。
Structuralism has also influenced other fields such as sociology, art history, and philosophy.
结构主义还影响了其他领域，如社会学、艺术史和哲学。