n.(建筑物的)上部结构，(船舶的)上层结构，(社会的)上层建筑

原形：superstructure复数：superstructures

The superstructure of a building consists of the roof, walls, and floors above the structural frame.
这座建筑的上部结构包括屋顶、墙壁和楼板，这些都是在结构框架之上的部分。
In sociology, the superstructure is the system of institutions and ideas that shape society's values and beliefs.
在社会学中，上层建筑是指塑造社会价值观和信仰的制度和思想体系。
The Marxist theory posits that the economic base determines the superstructure, including politics and culture.
马克思主义理论认为，经济基础决定上层建筑，包括政治和文化。
The collapse of the socialist superstructure in Eastern Europe led to significant political changes.
东欧社会主义上层建筑的崩溃导致了重大的政治变革。
The superstructure of a literary work includes elements like plot, characters, and themes that reflect the society it portrays.
文学作品的上层结构包括情节、人物和主题等元素，它们反映了所描绘的社会。
The education system is an essential part of the social superstructure, shaping the intellectual development of a nation.
教育体系是社会上层建筑的重要组成部分，它塑造了一个国家的知识发展。
After the revolution, the new government dismantled the old superstructure, replacing it with a socialist one.
革命后，新政府拆除了旧的上层建筑，代之以社会主义体制。
The superstructure of a political system includes its laws, policies, and institutions that regulate societal behavior.
政治体系的上层结构包括规范社会行为的法律、政策和机构。
The development of the superstructure in a developing country often lags behind that of its economic base.
发展中国家的上层建筑往往落后于其经济基础的发展。
The superstructure of a society can change independently from the economic base, reflecting shifts in cultural values or ideology.
社会的上层建筑可以独立于经济基础发生变化，反映出文化价值或意识形态的转变。