The microprocessor is etched onto a thin silicon
wafer.
这个微处理器被蚀刻在一块薄的硅晶圆上。
The
wafer needs to be cleaned thoroughly before the fabrication process begins.
在开始制造过程之前，晶圆需要彻底清洁。
The company specializes in high-quality semiconductor
wafers for the electronics industry.
该公司专注于为电子工业提供高质量的半导体晶圆。
After the testing, the defective
wafers were discarded.
测试后，发现有缺陷的晶圆被丢弃。
The technician handled the delicate
wafer with great care to avoid any damage.
技术员小心翼翼地处理着脆弱的晶圆，以免损坏。
The
wafer furnace heats the
wafers to extremely high temperatures for precise doping.
晶圆炉将晶圆加热到极高的温度以实现精确掺杂。
A
wafer saw is used to cut the large silicon crystal into individual
wafers.
切片机用于将大块硅晶体切割成单个晶圆。
The
wafer-to-
wafer bonding technology is crucial for creating multi-chip modules.
晶圆对晶圆键合技术对于制造多芯片模块至关重要。
The company's latest innovation involves developing new materials for ultra-thin
wafer production.
公司最新的创新是研发超薄晶圆生产的新型材料。
The yield of high-quality
wafers has significantly increased with the implementation of new manufacturing techniques.
新的制造工艺实施后，高品质晶圆的产出率显著提高。
Longi Green Energy Technology Co, the world's biggest PV panel maker, saw its first half net profit increase 41.6 percent year-on-year to 64.65 billion yuan, which it attributed to a wider gross profit margin at its solar panel business after prices of polycrystalline silicon and wafer products in the upstream industry dropped.
全球最大的光伏电池板制造商朗基绿色能源技术公司上半年净利润同比增长41.6%，达到646.5亿元，这归因于上游行业多晶硅和晶圆产品价格下跌后，其太阳能电池板业务的毛利率提高。
The China Photovoltaic Industry Association said polysilicon production increased 65 percent year-on-year in the first half to more than 600,000 metric tons, while silicon wafer production rose 63 percent to 250 GW.
中国光伏行业协会表示，上半年多晶硅产量同比增长65%，达到60多万公吨，硅片产量增长63%，达到250吉瓦。
"Trina already operates a tracker manufacturing plant in Brazil and a wafer production facility in Vietnam that was commissioned earlier this year.
“天合光能已经在巴西运营了一家跟踪器制造厂，并在越南运营了一个晶圆生产厂，该工厂于今年早些时候投入使用。
In addition to LONGi, JinkoSolar announced recently that it will establish a 2GW PV module factory in the US while SPI Energy Co Ltd also plans to establish a silicon wafer factory in the United States, with the first batch of wafers produced by the end of 2023.
除隆基外，金科太阳能最近宣布将在美国建立一家2GW光伏组件工厂，而SPI能源有限公司也计划在美国建立硅晶圆厂，第一批晶圆将于2023年底生产。
The project will include a new wafer factory to produce non-volatile 3D NAND chip memory products.
该项目将包括一个新的晶圆厂，生产非易失性3D NAND芯片存储器产品。
The company provides key materials and solutions in this strategic sector, covering wafer fabrication, packaging, testing and end-use applications.
该公司在这一战略领域提供关键材料和解决方案，涵盖晶圆制造、封装、测试和最终用途。
IBM said the prototype technology had successfully fabricated 2nm-made chips on a silicon wafer at the company's Albany, New York, lab.
IBM表示，该公司在纽约阿尔巴尼的实验室成功地在硅晶圆上制造出了2纳米工艺的芯片原型。
Semiconductor Manufacturing International Corp, the largest chipmaker on the Chinese mainland, has signed a cooperation agreement with a Shenzhen government fund for joint investment in a new $2.35 billion wafer fabrication plant.
中国内地最大的芯片制造商中芯国际已与深圳市政府基金签署合作协议，共同投资一家新的价值23.5亿美元的晶圆厂。
The CETC said it has overcome bottlenecks in the development of ion implanters, such as high-performance ion sources and high-speed wafer transfers, and obtained a total of 413 core patents.
中国电子科技集团表示，已经攻克了离子注入机发展的瓶颈技术，如高性能离子源和高速晶圆传输等，并获得了共计413项核心专利。
Therefore, the company had to involve itself into every stage of the MEMS industry, including chip design, wafer production and semiconductor packaging.
An employee works in a clean room during the etching process of semiconductor wafer production inside the new Robert Bosch GmbH research and development center in Renningen, Germany.
Samsung wafer making in Xi'an should be the world's most advanced flash memory chip production base, said Yang Hua.
US semiconductor wafer maker AXT Inc said on Monday that its Chinese subsidiary Tongmei will immediately proceed to apply for the permits to keep exporting gallium and germanium substrate products from China.
Another Tianjin-based company, TCL Zhonghuan Semiconductor Co Ltd, is working on its new project, producing a solar ultra-thin single wafer of 25 GW used for the transformation of light into electricity.
The staff association at Newport Wafer Fab sent a letter to Shapps on Monday to argue that their livelihoods had been placed at risk after he ordered last week that Nexperia, which is owned by Chinese company Wingtech, must sell at least 86 percent of its stake in the plant due to alleged national security concerns, Sky News reported.
"We have already begun to expand our wafer processing factory in Indonesia and hopefully we will find Japanese and South Korean business partners to explore their markets," she added.
"IC research company Trend-Force said in a recent note that China has 44 semiconductor wafer fabs in operation and a further 22 are under construction.
With a total investment of 2.5 billion yuan ($342 million), the project's first phase is expected to achieve a monthly production capacity of 100,000 12-inch polished wafers, adding new momentum to China's large silicon wafer and integrated circuit industries.
"We maintain strict control of product quality based on international standards, particularly when it comes to single crystal micro-defects, silicon wafer geometrical dimensions, and surface contamination," said Yan Zhirui, general manager of Shandong GRINM RS.
Since 2017, large silicon wafer projects have consistently been established in China, with the steady progression of projects involving Shandong GRINM RS, Shanghai-based Zing Semiconductor, Eswin Technology Group in Xi'an, and more.
The output of polysilicon, silicon wafer, cell wafer, and component reached 600,000 tons, 250 gigawatts, 220 gigawatts, and 200 gigawatts, respectively, in the first half of this year, to surge over 60 percent year-on-year for the each, said the paper, citing the China Photovoltaic Industry Association.
Europe remains the largest component export market, with the silicon wafer and the cell wafer exports mainly concentrated in Asia.
Statistics from news outlet Jiemian showed that among the 17 PV domestic companies that released their half-year forecasts, 16 have witnessed profit growth and only one silicon wafer company experienced a year-on-year decline.
TCL Zhonghuan Renewable Energy Technology, a subsidiary of TCL and one of the leading solar silicon wafer producers in China, recorded 67.01 billion yuan in revenue last year, an increase of 63.02 percent year-on-year, while its net profit rose 69.21 percent year-on-year to 6.82 billion yuan.
The company announced in February that it will build a new PV wafer plant and related supporting facilities in Yinchuan, capital of Ningxia Hui autonomous region, with a total investment of 12 billion yuan.
Wang Bohua, the honorary chairman of the association, said that China has set a record for solar power production and export last year, with production for polycrystalline silicon, wafer, cell and module all rising more than 50 percent year-on-year.
The list includes tech companies' construction projects, such as data centers for Alibaba and Tencent and a wafer production line of semiconductor manufacturer Semiconductor Manufacturing International Corp.
China produced 505,000 metric tons of polysilicon and 227 GW of silicon wafer during the period.
com said that unlike big companies that can handle an increase in production costs, many small and medium－sized cell, module and wafer manufacturers chose to close production lines instead.
“com指出，与能够应对生产成本上涨的大公司不同，许多中小型电池、模块和晶圆制造商选择关闭生产线。”
"The price increase of silicon materials is not good news to cell, module and wafer manufacturers, because the market is fiercely competitive and profit margins are too low.
“硅材料价格的上涨对电池、组件和硅片制造商来说并非利好消息，因为市场竞争激烈，利润空间本已十分微薄。”
Lin said another reason why many small and medium－sized cell, module and wafer manufacturers find it difficult to make a profit is that many downstream power stations have limited budgets on equipment, coming under pressure to control costs and make a profit as China no longer offers subsidies for certain types of newly registered PV projects since Aug 1, according to the National Development and Reform Commission.
林指出，许多中小型电池、组件及硅片制造商难以实现盈利的另一个原因在于，下游诸多电站因设备预算有限而面临成本控制压力，且在努力实现盈利。自8月1日起，根据国家发展和改革委员会的通知，中国已不再对某些新注册光伏项目提供补贴。
Silicon wafer output totaled 63 gigawatts, up 26 percent year-on-year, while PV cell output hit 51 GW, an increase of 30.8 percent year-on-year.
Silicon wafer exports reached $950 million in the first half, down 33.8 percent from the figure a year ago.
Wang pointed out that despite a drop in value terms, silicon wafer exports saw an increase in shipment terms.
Silicon wafer exports stood at 2.36 billion units (about 11.6 GW) in the first six months, up 1.2 percent year-on-year.
As part of its investment in hard tech, Casstar has been funding hard tech areas that were not popular with many investors before, like LED chips that are used to deposit thin layers of atoms onto a semiconductor wafer.
Tianqu New District in Dezhou has successively introduced significant projects such as joint semiconductor packaging and testing by Weixun, large-sized silicon wafer production by Qorvo Inc, and more," said Li Tao, a member of the Party Working Committee and deputy director of the management committee of the district.
In terms of chips manufacturing, China has been a leader in the field of packaging and testing, but has a weak link in wafer and chips manufacturing.
It boasts an integrated industrial chain with chip design, wafer manufacturing, assembly, testing and downstream applications.
At the same time, due to robust wafer production at higher pricing in the first quarter, quarterly output value reached $31.96 billion, up 8.2 percent quarter-on-quarter, a new high for the 11th consecutive quarter.
同时，由于第一季度在较高定价下实现了强劲的晶圆生产，季度产出价值达到319.6亿美元，环比增长8.2%，连续第11个季度创下新高。
A reduction in supply of gases "will likely lead to higher prices which may increase the cost of wafer production," though the conflict between Russia and Ukraine will not halt chip production altogether in the short term, TrendForce said.
Amid an unmitigated global chip shortage, Nexperia, a semiconductor firm owned by China's Wingtech Technology Co Ltd, confirmed on Monday its outright acquisition of the UK-based chipmaker Newport Wafer Fab, in which it has been the second-largest shareholder since 2019.
Earlier this year, Nexperia announced it will invest 12 billion yuan ($1.85 billion) to build a new 300mm (12-inch) power semiconductor wafer fab in Lingang, Shanghai.
As part of its investment in hard technology, Casstar acquired a factory of LED chips, which has 19 high-tech machines based on MOCVD, a technology that is used to deposit thin layers of atoms onto a semiconductor wafer.
Konka Group Co Ltd, a Chinese television manufacturer, is beefing up efforts to expand its presence across the semiconductor sector related to displays, spanning material and equipment, chip design, wafer manufacturing, packaging, testing and downstream applications.
From January to March this year, the global semiconductor wafer shipment area was 2.92 billion square inches, an increase of 2.7 percent over the previous quarter, according to Semiconductor Equipment and Materials International.
Japanese media believe it is the rapid development of China's 5G business that has driven the global wafer market.
Epidemic will not alter the long-term momentum of the sector, says a reportThe novel coronavirus outbreak will have a limited impact on China's semiconductor industry since most local wafer manufacturing plants are operating normally and chip design companies can choose remote work to mitigate the fallout from the epidemic, the companies concerned and analysts said.
Fang Jing, chief electronics analyst at Cinda Securities, said most wafer manufacturing plants are dust-free, which makes them less vulnerable to virus infection.
Fang of Cinda Securities said unlike wafer manufacturing plants which run non-stop year round, chip packaging factories usually are closed during the Spring Festival for maintenance work on their equipment.
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