四级To ensure employees' commitment, it is advisable to give them more flexibility as to where and how they work.

为了确保员工的承诺，建议在工作地点和工作方式上给予他们更多的灵活性。

四级Instead of giving people practice, the gradual reduction likely gave them cravings ( ' , 瘾) and withdrawal symptoms before they even reached quit day, which could be why fewer people in that group actually made it to that point.

而不是让人们练习，逐渐减少可能会给他们带来渴望（'，瘾) 甚至在戒烟日之前就出现了戒断症状，这可能就是为什么这组人中很少有人真正做到这一点的原因。

考研When one of these noneconomic categories is threatened and, if we happen to love it, we invent excuses to give it economic importance.

当这些非经济类别中的一个受到威胁时，如果我们碰巧喜欢它，我们就会编造借口赋予它经济重要性。

考研While few crafts men or farmers, let alone dependents and servants, left literary compositions to be analyzed, it is obvious that their views less fully intellectualized.

虽然很少有工匠或农民，更不用说家属和仆人，留下文学作品进行分析，但很明显，他们的观点没有完全理智化。

四级It can bring wealth and honor to them.

它可以给他们带来财富和荣誉。

六级The most successful sharers—those whose data are downloaded and cited the most often—get noticed, and their work gets used.

最成功的分享者——那些数据被下载和引用最多的人——会被注意到，他们的工作也会被使用。

高考A third will remain a mix of walking and standing.

第三个仍然是行走和站立的混合体。

考研We reach for them mindlessly, setting our brains on auto-pilot and relaxing into the unconscious comfort of familiar routine.

我们无意识地去接触它们，让我们的大脑处于自动驾驶状态，在熟悉的日常生活中无意识地放松下来。

高考And he saw a date of 1973 on the back of the box.

他在盒子的背面看到了1973年的日期。

四级Viewing the past in high definition can make it very difficult to get over pain and regret.

以高清晰的视角看待过去会让人很难摆脱痛苦和遗憾。

考研Other anthropologists believed that cultural innovations, such as inventions, had a single origin and passed from society to society.

其他人类学家认为，文化创新，如发明，有一个单一的起源，并从一个社会传递到另一个社会。

高考A year later, I reached my goal: I lost 150 pounds and raised $50,000! I feel that I've been given a second life to devote to something that is meaningful and enormous.

一年后，我达到了我的目标：我减掉了150磅，筹集了50000美元！我觉得我已经被赋予了第二次生命，去致力于一些有意义和巨大的事情。

高考A quick review of successes and failures at the end of year will help shape your year ahead.

在年底快速回顾成功和失败将有助于塑造你未来的一年。

四级Leah easily could have fallen into a trap of feeling content; instead, her energy sparked a period of experimentation and renewal.

莉亚很容易就陷入了满足感的陷阱；相反，她的精力激发了一段时间的实验和更新。

四级Companies are abandoning conventional functional departments and organising employees into crossdisciplinary teams that focus on particular products, problems or customers.

公司正在放弃传统的职能部门，将员工组织成跨学科的团队，专注于特定的产品、问题或客户。

六级The recent discovery of the giant Zohr gas field off the Egyptian coast will eventually have impact on pricing in the Mediterranean region and Europe, and there is significant development potential in many other places, notably Argentina.

最近在埃及海岸附近发现的巨大Zohr气田最终将对地中海地区和欧洲的定价产生影响，而在许多其他地方，尤其是阿根廷，也有着巨大的开发潜力。

六级These designers established the modem dress code, letting playsuits and other activewear outfits suffice for casual clothing, allowing pants to enter the wardrobe, and prizing rationalism and versatility in dress, in contradiction to dressing for an occasion or allotment of the day.

这些设计师制定了现代着装规范，让运动服和其他运动服足以搭配休闲服装，允许裤子进入衣橱，并推崇理性主义和多才多艺的着装，这与一天中某个场合或某个时段的着装相矛盾。

高考After reading some history books on how the first group of Chinese immigrants survived in America of the 19th century, she has become keen on her own family history and that of others.

在阅读了一些关于19世纪第一批中国移民如何在美国生存的历史书籍后，她开始热衷于自己和他人的家族史。

六级Working-class parents, meanwhile, believe their children will naturally thrive, and give them far greater independence and time for free play.

与此同时，工人阶级的父母相信他们的孩子自然会茁壮成长，给他们更大的独立性和自由玩耍的时间。

考研Progress in both area is undoubtedly necessary for the social, political and intellectual development of these and all other societies; however, the conventional view that education should be one of the very highest priorities for promoting rapid economic development in poor countries is wrong.

毫无疑问，这两个领域的进展对于这些社会和所有其他社会的社会、政治和智力发展是必要的；然而，传统观点认为教育应该是促进穷国经济快速发展的最优先事项之一，这是错误的。

六级Some communities have agreed to share online—geneticists, for example, post DNA sequences at the GenBank repository ( ' , 库), and astronomers are accustomed to accessing images of galaxies and stars from, say, the Sloan Digital Sky Survey, a telescope that has observed some 500 million objects—but these remain the exception, not the rule.

一些社区已经同意共享在线遗传学家，例如，在GenBank存储库（“，库), 天文学家习惯于从斯隆数字巡天望远镜（Sloan Digital Sky Survey）获取星系和恒星的图像。斯隆数字巡天望远镜已观测到约5亿个天体，但这些仍然是例外，而不是规则。

四级Most roads, bridges, transit, water systems, the electric grid, and communications networks were installed 50 to 100 years ago, and they are largely taken for granted until they fail.

大多数道路、桥梁、交通、供水系统、电网和通信网络都是50至100年前安装的，在出现故障之前，它们基本上被视为理所当然。

考研The supposed importance of influentials derives from a plausible sounding but largely untested theory called the “two step flow of communication”: Information flows from the media to the influentials and from them to everyone else.

所谓影响力的重要性来自一个听起来似乎合理但基本上未经验证的理论，称为“两步传播流”：信息从媒体流向影响力，从影响力流向其他人。

六级Parents of advanced-math students and MathCounts coaches say the children are on the website constantly.

高等数学学生的家长和MathCounts教练说，孩子们经常上这个网站。

考研The theory also seems to explain the sudden and unexpected popularity of people was wearing, promoting or developing whatever it is before anyone else paid attention.

这一理论似乎也解释了人们在其他人注意之前穿着、推销或开发任何东西的突然和出乎意料的流行。

考研Despite variations in detail, wholesale markets in the countries that have been closely examined— France, Germany, Italy and Spain—are made out of the same building blocks.

尽管在细节上存在差异，但经过仔细检查的国家（法国、德国、意大利和西班牙）的批发市场都是由相同的构件组成的。

高考Almost every grandparent wants to be with his or her grandchildren and is willing to make sacrifices, but sometimes it is wiser to say no and visit frequently instead.

几乎每一位祖父母都想和他或她的孙子孙女在一起，并愿意做出牺牲，但有时更明智的做法是说不，而是经常去看望。

高考Although neither of the Adelmans is academically trained in literature, the programmes, contain plenty of Shakespeare tradition and background.

虽然阿德尔曼两人都没有受过文学方面的学术训练，但这些课程包含了大量莎士比亚的传统和背景。

四级Overall, almost three in five people say they try to limit their usage of paper – including facial tissue and kitchen roll – to save money.

总的来说，近五分之三的人表示，为了省钱，他们试图限制纸张的使用，包括面巾纸和厨房用纸卷。

高考Admission is at normal charges and you don't need to book.

入场费按正常收费，您无需预订。

六级Panini's Ancient Rome and Modern Rome represent the sights most prized, including celebrated Greco-Roman statues and views of famous ruins, fountains, and churches.

帕尼尼的古罗马和现代罗马代表了最珍贵的景观，包括著名的希腊罗马雕像和著名遗址、喷泉和教堂的景观。

四级If you're training for a marathon, you wouldn't expect to turn up and just be able to run it.

如果你正在为马拉松训练，你不会期望出现并且能够跑完它。

四级Where are you in the cycle of renewal: Are you actively preserving the present, or selectively forgetting the past, or boldly creating the future? What advice would Leah give you to move you ahead on your journey? Once we're on the path of growth, we can continually move through the seasons of transformation and renewal.

在更新的周期中，你在哪里：你是积极地保存现在，还是有选择地忘记过去，还是大胆地创造未来？Leah会给你什么建议来推动你的旅程？一旦我们走上了成长的道路，我们就可以在转变和更新的季节中不断前进。

高考A bar graph has two axes and uses bars to show amounts.

条形图有两个轴，并使用条形图显示数量。

六级There is no best parenting style or philosophy, researchers say, and across income groups, 92% of parents say they are doing a good job at raising their children.

研究人员说，没有最好的育儿方式或理念，在不同收入群体中，92%的父母说他们在抚养孩子方面做得很好。

考研Most tests require collecting cells by webbing saliva in the mouth and sending it to the company for testing.

大多数测试都需要通过在口腔中收集唾液并将其送到公司进行测试来收集细胞。

四级Your identity has been formed; you've built up your resources; and now you have the chance to take the big risks precisely because your foundation is already secure.

你的身份已经形成；你已经积累了你的资源；现在你有机会冒着巨大的风险，因为你的基础已经是安全的。

考研There is a marked difference between the education which every one gets from living with others, and the deliberate educating of the young.

每个人从与他人一起生活中获得的教育与对年轻人的深思熟虑的教育之间有着显著的区别。

六级Morgan said last week that he would retire at the end of January because of the governor's proposal to split off six universities of the Board of Regents system and create separate governing boards for each of them.

摩根上周表示，他将于1月底退休，因为州长建议将摄政委员会系统中的六所大学拆分，并为每所大学分别设立管理委员会。

六级The lives of children from rich and poor American families look more different than ever before.

美国贫富家庭的孩子们的生活看起来比以往任何时候都不同。

四级By studying about 700 adult smokers, she found out that her mom quit the right way—by stopping abruptly and completely.

通过对700名成年吸烟者的研究，她发现她的母亲突然完全戒烟是正确的。

高考Adam and Galinsky tested the effect of simply wearing a white lab coat on people's powers of attention.

亚当和加林斯基测试了穿白色实验服对人们注意力的影响。

高考After questioning 1, 000 mothers with children under 18, it found that , on most days, mums started their routine work at 7am and finished at around 11pm.

在询问了1000名18岁以下孩子的母亲后，调查发现，在大多数日子里，母亲们从早上7点开始日常工作，到晚上11点左右结束。

高考And every week he cleaned old man Mccolgin's chicken house in exchange for manure

每周他都会打扫老人麦考金的鸡舍以换取粪便

高考A desktop computer, screen, projector, and loudspeakers will be available.

将提供台式电脑、屏幕、投影仪和扬声器。

高考Abridged dictionaries, such as pocket and desk dictionaries, are shortened.

缩略词典，如袖珍和书桌词典，被缩短。

六级Researchers in Germany used miniature GPS tags to track the migrations of 70 white storks ( ' , 鹳) from different sites across Europe and Asia during the first five months of their lives.

德国的研究人员使用微型GPS标签跟踪70只白鹳的迁徙，鹳) 在他们生命的前五个月，来自欧洲和亚洲的不同地点。

考研The first and more important is the consumer's growing preference for eating out: the consumption of food and drink in places other than homes has risen from about 32 percent of total consumption in 1995 to 35 percent in 2000 and is expected to approach 38 percent by 2005.

首先也是更重要的是消费者越来越倾向于外出就餐：在家以外的地方，食品和饮料的消费量占总消费量的比例已从1995年的约32%上升到2000年的35%，预计到2005年将接近38%。

四级They need to rid their minds of sentimentalism ( ' , 感情用事): the most successful teams have leaders who are able to set an overall direction and take immediate action.

他们需要摆脱感情用事（'，感情用事): 最成功的团队都有能够确定总体方向并立即采取行动的领导者。

考研To take this approach to the New Englanders normally mean to start with the Puritans’ theological innovations and their distinctive ideas about the church-important subjects that we may not neglect.

对新英格兰人采取这种方法通常意味着从清教徒的神学创新和他们关于教会重要主题的独特思想开始，我们不能忽视这些主题。

六级Well-off families are ruled by calendars, with children enrolled in ballet, soccer and after-school programs, according to a new Pew Research Center survey.

皮尤研究中心（Pew Research Center）的一项最新调查显示，富裕家庭受日历支配，孩子们参加芭蕾舞、足球和课外活动。

四级Almost half of those surveyed said their companies were either in the middle of restructuring or about to embark on ( ' , 开始) it; and for the most part, restructuring meant putting more emphasis on teams.

几乎一半的受访者表示，他们的公司要么处于重组中，要么即将开始。开始) 信息技术在大多数情况下，重组意味着更加重视团队。

六级There appeared more and more Roman-style buildings.

出现了越来越多的罗马式建筑。

六级Within Italy, the great focus was Rome, whose ancient ruins and more recent achievements were shown to every Grand Tourist.

在意大利，最受关注的是罗马，它的古代遗迹和最近的成就向每一位伟大的游客展示。

四级Leah gained confidence by laying out her fears and confronting them directly.

Leah通过表达她的恐惧并直接面对它们来获得信心。

六级The Russian, Greek and Polish storks flew as far as South Africa, while those from Spain, Tunisia and Germany flew only as far as the Sahel.

俄罗斯、希腊和波兰的鹳飞到了南非，而西班牙、突尼斯和德国的鹳只飞到了萨赫勒。

高考A rethink is required - and as a new approach starts to become apparent, two ideas stand out.

需要重新思考——随着一种新方法开始显现，有两个想法脱颖而出。

高考Although they began with a small restaurant, they had big dreams, and they worked together.

虽然他们从一家小餐馆开始，但他们有着远大的梦想，他们一起工作。

六级Thus was born the idea of the Grand Tour, a practice which introduced Englishmen, Germans, Scandinavians, and also Americans to the art and culture of France and Italy for the next 300 years.

这样就产生了“大巡演”的想法，在接下来的300年里，这种做法将英国人、德国人、斯堪的纳维亚人以及美国人引入了法国和意大利的艺术和文化。

六级Social scientists say the differences arise in part because low-income parents have less money to spend on music class or preschool, and less flexible schedules to take children to museums or attend school events.

社会学家说，造成这种差异的部分原因是，低收入的父母花在音乐课或幼儿园上的钱少了，带孩子去博物馆或参加学校活动的时间安排也不灵活。

考研It may be said that the measure of the worth of any social institution is its effect in enlarging and improving experience; but this effect is not a part of its original motive.

可以说，衡量任何社会制度价值的标准是其扩大和改进经验的效果；但这一效应并不是其最初动机的一部分。

高考Afterwards, she and her father secured their first business meeting with a supermarket owner, who finally agreed to sell Moore's product—cancandy.

之后，她和她的父亲与一家超市的老板进行了第一次商务会谈，后者最终同意出售摩尔的产品。

高考And doubling a buffet's price led customers to say that its pizza was 11 percent tastier.

一份自助餐的价格翻了一番，顾客们说它的比萨饼味道好11%。

考研During his lifetime, though, he was also one of England's foremost classical-music critics, and a stylist so widely admired that his Autobiographybecame a best-seller.

然而，在他有生之年，他也是英国最著名的古典音乐评论家之一，也是一位广受推崇的造型师，他的自传成了畅销书。

六级They might eat something toxic and damage their health.

他们可能会吃有毒的东西，损害他们的健康。

考研Building on the basic truth about interpersonal influence,the researchers studied the dynamics of social influence by conducting thousands of computer simulations of populations manipulating a number of variables relating to people’s ability to influence others and their tendency to be influenced.

在人际影响基本原理的基础上，研究人员通过对人群进行数千次计算机模拟，操纵与人们影响他人的能力及其受影响倾向相关的变量，研究了社会影响的动态。

考研The early settlers of Massachusetts Bay included men of impressive education and influence in England.

马萨诸塞湾的早期定居者包括在英国受过良好教育和有影响力的人。

高考Also explores philosophy and wellbeing to make sure young readers have a balanced take on life.

还探讨了哲学和幸福感，以确保年轻读者对生活有一个平衡的看法。

高考After having taught fifth-grade classes for four years, I decided to try all costs to rid them of their fear and dislike of books, and to get them to read oftener and more adventurously.

在教了四年五年级的课程后，我决定不惜一切代价让他们摆脱对书籍的恐惧和厌恶，让他们更经常、更大胆地阅读。

四级I'm extremely sensitive to sounds, smells and visual detail, explains Nicole Donohue, who has taken part in many of these studies.

“我对声音、气味和视觉细节极为敏感，”妮可·多诺霍（Nicole Donohue）解释道，她参与了许多这类研究。

高考Although we may not be aware of chemicals like pheromones consciously, we give and receive loads of information through smell in every interaction with other people.

虽然我们可能没有意识到诸如信息素之类的化学物质，但我们在与他人的每一次互动中都会通过嗅觉传递和接收大量信息。

四级We have presidential candidates running for their first term in office at age 68, 69 and 74.

我们有68岁、69岁和74岁的总统候选人参加第一个任期的竞选。

高考The Internet can help make up for our mental and emotional deficiencies as a wooden leg can compensate for a bodily deficiency.

互联网可以弥补我们的精神和情感缺陷，就像木腿可以弥补身体缺陷一样。

考研The New England colonies were the scenes of important episodes in the pursuit of widely understood ideals of civility and virtuosity.

新英格兰殖民地是追求广泛理解的文明和艺术理想的重要时期。

考研Coinciding with the groundbreaking theory of biological evolution proposed by British naturalist Charles Darwin in the 1860s, British social philosopher Herbert Spencer put forward his own theory of biological and cultural evolution.

与19世纪60年代英国博物学家查尔斯·达尔文（Charles Darwin）提出的开创性生物进化理论相一致，英国社会哲学家赫伯特·斯宾塞（Herbert Spencer）提出了自己的生物和文化进化理论。

六级Researchers who share get plenty of personal benefits, including more connections with colleagues, improved visibility and increased citations.

分享研究成果的研究人员可以获得很多个人利益，包括与同事建立更多的联系，提高知名度，增加引用。

高考Adam and Galinsky's experiment tested the effect of clothes on their wearers' attention.

亚当和加林斯基的实验测试了衣服对穿着者注意力的影响。

考研Will such variations bring about a change in the overall structure of the food and drink market? Definitely not.

这些变化是否会改变食品和饮料市场的整体结构？绝对不是。

四级Team-building skills are in short supply: Deloitte reports that only 12% of the executives they contacted feel they understand the way people work together in networks and only 21% feel confident in their ability to build cross-functional teams.

团队建设技能供不应求：德勤报告称，在他们接触的高管中，只有12%的人认为他们了解人际网络中的合作方式，只有21%的人对他们建立跨职能团队的能力充满信心。

考研A parallel situation exists in respect of predatory mammals and fish-eating birds.

捕食性哺乳动物和食鱼鸟类也存在类似情况。

六级They were the pioneers of gender equity, in their useful, adaptable clothing, which was both made for the masses and capable of self-expression.

她们是两性平等的先驱，穿着实用、适应性强的服装，既适合大众穿着，又能自我表达。

高考Although the programme asks the members only to drive students to and from their classes, Wilson often goes beyond to ensure the welfare and safety of the students.

虽然该计划只要求会员开车送学生上下课，但威尔逊经常超越这一范围，确保学生的福利和安全。

六级The increasing differences in child rearing between rich and poor families reflect growing social inequality.

贫富家庭在抚养子女方面的差异越来越大，这反映了社会不平等的加剧。

六级They advocated equity between men and women.

他们提倡男女平等。

四级The Cleveland Clinic, a hospital operator, has reorganised its medical staff into teams to focus on particular treatment areas; consultants, nurses and others collaborate closely instead of being separated by speciality ( ' , 专业) and rank.

医院运营商克利夫兰诊所（Cleveland Clinic）已将其医务人员重组为团队，以专注于特定的治疗领域；顾问、护士和其他人密切合作，而不是被专业分开（“，专业) 和等级。

六级They had enough travel and outdoor-life experience.

他们有足够的旅行和户外生活经验。

四级The fashion for teams is driven by a sense that the old way of organising people is too rigid for both the modern marketplace and the expectations of employees.

团队的时尚是由一种感觉驱动的，即旧的组织人员的方式对于现代市场和员工的期望来说过于僵化。

六级Massive rubbish dumps and sprawling landfills constitute one of the more uncomfortable impacts that humans have on wildlife.

巨大的垃圾堆和杂乱无章的垃圾填埋场是人类对野生动物造成的最不舒服的影响之一。

六级They try to develop their skills through close supervision and organized activities, and teach children to question authority figures and navigate elite institutions.

他们试图通过密切的监督和有组织的活动来发展自己的技能，并教孩子们质疑权威人物和管理精英机构。

四级The report refers to this as the coming of the 18-hour city, and uses the term to refer to cities like Houston, Austin, Charlotte, and Nashville, which are positioning themselves as highly competitive, in terms of livability, employment offerings, and recreational and cultural facilities.

该报告称之为18小时城市的到来，并使用该术语来指休斯顿、奥斯汀、夏洛特和纳什维尔等城市，这些城市在宜居性、就业机会以及娱乐和文化设施方面都将自己定位为极具竞争力的城市。

考研New skills and unfamiliar business models are needed too.

还需要新的技能和不熟悉的商业模式。

四级And such research might even suggest ways for us all to relive our past with greater clarity.

这样的研究甚至可以为我们所有人提供更清晰地重温过去的方法。

四级Strength, softness and thickness remain the leading indicators of toilet paper quality, with just a small proportion of consumers preferring more luxurious alternatives, such as those with flower patterns or perfume,said Mintel analyst Jack Duckett.

Mintel分析师Jack Duckett表示，强度、柔软度和厚度仍然是厕纸质量的领先指标，只有一小部分消费者更喜欢更豪华的替代品，如带有花卉图案或香水的替代品。

考研To get the system working again, losses must be recognized and dealt with.

为了使系统重新运行，必须确认和处理损失。

考研The current emphasis on standardized testing highlights analysis and procedure, meaning that few of us inherently use our innovative and collaborative modes of thought.

目前对标准化测试的强调强调强调了分析和程序，这意味着我们中很少有人天生使用创新和协作的思维模式。

考研So it seems antithetical to talk about habits in the same context as creativity and innovation.

因此，在与创造力和创新相同的背景下谈论习惯似乎是截然相反的。

高考A cup of coffee costs about three dollars and fifty cents, but the fun is free.

一杯咖啡大约要三美元五十美分，但乐趣是免费的。

四级On the plus side, it allows you to relive the most transformative and enriching experiences.

从好的方面来说，它可以让你重新体验最具变革性和丰富的体验。

高考A line graph looks similar to a bar graph, but instead of bars, it plots points and connects them with a line.

线形图看起来类似于条形图，但它不绘制条形图，而是绘制点并用直线将它们连接起来。

考研All in all, this clearly seems to be a market in which big retailers could profitably apply their gigantic scale, existing infrastructure, and proven skills in the management of product ranges, logistics, and marketing intelligence.

总而言之，这显然是一个大型零售商可以利用其庞大规模、现有基础设施以及在产品范围、物流和营销情报管理方面的成熟技能获利的市场。