In order to eliminate biofilms, the first step is to degrade the organic matrix using enzyme.

In 2021, Hilton Shenzhen Shekou Nanhai in Guangdong province introduced a set of smart kitchen waste treatment equipment to degrade all kitchen waste in the hotel into carbon dioxide, water and harmless organic fertilizer.

"According to State of the World's Land and Water Resources for Food and Agriculture, published by the FAO last year, more than 1,100 million hectares of soil are affected by salinity and sodicity (which degrades soil properties), Watson said.

According to a statement issued by the university, the radiation can kill viruses or pathogenic microorganisms and degrade toxic pollutants in wastewater by using gamma rays, or high-energy electron beams generated by electron accelerators.