What resilient enterprises must do is take proactive actions, innovate technologies, upgrade business models, and usher in a spiral of upward growth in one business cycle after another, thus steadily passing each cycle successfully, he said.

他说，有韧性的企业必须采取积极行动，创新技术，升级商业模式，并在一个又一个商业周期中迎来螺旋式的增长，从而稳步成功地度过每一个周期。

And Shenzhen, Shanghai and Beijing are also ranked the most favored reinvestment cities by the surveyed companies," Seyedin said, adding that the business environment in South China shows an upward spiral of improvement in recent years.

深圳、上海和北京也被调查公司列为最受欢迎的再投资城市，”Seyedin说，并补充说，近年来华南地区的商业环境呈螺旋式改善。

Chance to reverse trendChina now has an important window of time to reverse the downward spiral of weakening expectations and the impact on economic fundamentals.

However, it would be wrong to describe China as being in the grip of a deflationary spiral.

However, it would be wrong to describe China as being in the grip of a deflationary spiral," said Frederic Neumann, chief Asia economist and co-head of Global Research Asia at HSBC.

"Amid the worsening downward spiral of major activity data, we expect the government to introduce a raft of supportive measures after the moderate 10-basis-point rate cut last month and believe it will increasingly play the role of borrower and spender," he said.

Wang's views were echoed by Li Xiaochao, former deputy head of the NBS, who highlighted the necessity for near-term policies to strengthen consumption and avoid the risk of a downward spiral.

Adopting loose fiscal and monetary policies, the government will stimulate overall demand, promote consumer spending and business investment, stop the downward spiral of prices and help the economy recover from recession.

As Macron said during his visit to China, the growing concerns have created an "inescapable spiral of mounting tensions", which is not conducive to resolving the issue.

Zhang Yansheng, chief researcher at the China Center for International Economic Exchanges, said the two countries should avoid falling into a spiral of conflicts and confrontation, and should work together to find ways to promote cooperation.

Experts said while the factory activity edged up — the purchasing managers index rose to 49 in June from 48.8 in May — on improved production and stronger demand, the fact that the PMI still remains in the contraction zone indicates the risk of a downward spiral amid still-weak domestic demand.

A number of listed carmakers and NEV startups saw an upward spiral in their sales in March, while dominant brands such as BYD and Tesla retained their high-speed growth as usual.

Chen said the upward spiral in the passenger vehicle segment was also buoyed by the popularity of new energy vehicles, including electric cars and plug-in hybrids, as well as rising exports.

But passenger vehicles have bucked the downward spiral.

Passenger vehicles have bucked the downward spiral.

"Based on our comprehensive study and judgment, vehicle sales are estimated to see positive growth this year and thus reverse the three-year downward spiral," Wang said.

Its downward spiral continued this year, with deliveries in the first seven months reaching 110,362 units.

It then started a downward spiral in the country as German and Japanese carmakers grew their market share and Chinese carmakers began to produce better vehicles.

Last year, Citroen's sales totaled merely 52,700 in the country, continuing a downward spiral starting from 2016.

Last year, Citroen sales totaled merely 52,700 in China, continuing a downward spiral starting from 2016.

It was the only rising segment in the auto market's overall downward spiral because of COVID-19.

Despite the downward spiral, new energy vehicle sales set a record.

The downward spiral, compounded by the pandemic, is moving even deeper in 2020.

With efforts made in green and sustainable development, and achievements in promoting electrification, intelligence, connectivity and sharing, FAW-Volkswagen Automotive Co is poised to "drive the future" and ride out the current downward spiral in the Chinese automobile market.

This is one of the nation's latest moves to boost its automotive industry that has seen a downward spiral because of a weaker demand in the market and most recently the novel coronavirus outbreak.

French carmakers including PSA and Renault have been hit even harder in the downward spiral of the market.

Industry organization predicts full market recovery may take two to three yearsThe downward spiral in China's automotive market did not stop in August.

"Yet China's auto industry has a solid foundation for development and the trend of an upward spiral in the long run has not changed," said Xin.

China's automotive market continued its downward spiral in June, which has prompted the country's leading industry association to downgrade its estimate to a fall of up to 5 percent from 2018.

CAAM says growth may emerge again in July or AugustThe downward spiral in China's new vehicle market continued in April, marking the 10th straight monthly fall in the world's largest car market, and the situation is unlikely to get better anytime soon, according to the country's leading industry association.

Current downturn a shakeout that will make stronger players more resilient, conference toldDespite the downward spiral that has lingered for almost a year in China's automotive market, executives from traditional carmakers and startups at a forum on Friday expressed their confidence in the industry's long-term future.

After the reshuffle, though, he believes the industry will see an upward spiral, which will present the opportunities for Chinese brands to stand out.

China's vehicle market continued its downward spiral in February, as a result of the weeklong Spring Festival holiday that led to a lull in car sales and more importantly due to the spillover weaker demand from 2018, the China Association of Automobile Manufacturers said on Monday.

GM expects China's downward spiral, which started last year, will stop and rebound in the second half of 2019, bringing total sales to around the same size as 2018.

Many manufacturers feel optimistic about market despite chill felt last yearThe downward spiral in China's car market has started to show signs of abating, with passenger car retail sales in January slipping 2 percent year-on-year, the smallest fall since June 2018.

It is equipped with a new spiral spring independent front suspension, 10-inch large screens and 12.3-inch full LCD meters, as well as other luxury technology configurations.

In light of this, I'm starting to worry that China's economy might be about to spiral into a debt-deflation vicious cycle.

Unborrowed savings from this repayment of long-term debt will result in funds sitting idle in the financial sector, and aggregate demand will spiral downward, thus inducing deflation.

This, in turn, could further hamper productivity and economic growth, lead to continued rises in labor costs and increase the risk of a wage-inflation spiral.

Whether there will be an inflation spiral depends on inflationary expectations.

Meanwhile, newly-released data continue to indicate that spiral COVID-19 infections are threatening the US economic recovery.

A decade ago, computerized, high-frequency trading led to large volumes of shares being sold to avoid further losses, triggering a downward spiral, and the Dow fell nearly 1,000 points.

The PBOC could become more reluctant to deliver high-profile policy stimulus in coming months amid the consumer inflation and a risk of a wage-price spiral, unless inflationary pressure and expectation stabilize, said Lu Ting, chief China economist at Nomura Securities.

China has started a campaign to contain the rapid spiral of macro leverage ratios in 2017.

"If the adjustment was called off after its announcement, it could be out of consideration that it may cause home prices to spiral out of control," said Yan.

Facebook's latest privacy scandal also sent its stock into a downward spiral, with the company seeing its biggest single-day drop in four years.