n.致癌酌，致癌作用

Carcinogenesis is a multistep process that leads to the formation of cancer.
肿瘤发生是一个多步骤的过程，导致癌症的形成。
The primary cause of carcinogenesis is exposure to harmful substances, such as tobacco smoke and certain chemicals.
肿瘤发生的首要原因是接触有害物质，如烟草烟雾和某些化学物质。
Environmental factors play a significant role in carcinogenesis, especially in developing countries.
环境因素在肿瘤发生中起着重要作用，特别是在发展中国家。
Mutations in DNA are a crucial step in the initiation of carcinogenesis.
DNA突变是肿瘤发生初期的重要步骤。
Carcinogenesis often involves both genetic and epigenetic changes within cells.
肿瘤发生通常涉及细胞内的遗传和表观遗传变化。
The process of carcinogenesis can take years or even decades to develop from initial exposure to a carcinogen.
从初次接触致癌物到肿瘤发生的过程可能需要数年甚至数十年。
Prevention strategies aim to interrupt the carcinogenesis pathway by reducing exposure to known risk factors.
预防策略旨在通过减少已知风险因素的暴露来中断肿瘤发生的途径。
Early detection and intervention are key to stopping carcinogenesis at an early stage.
早期发现和干预对于在早期阶段阻止肿瘤发生至关重要。
Carcinogenesis research seeks to understand the complex interactions between genes, lifestyle choices, and environmental factors that lead to cancer development.
肿瘤发生研究旨在理解导致癌症发展的基因、生活方式选择和环境因素之间的复杂交互作用。
Targeted therapies for carcinogenesis are being developed to specifically attack the molecular mechanisms driving cancer growth.
正在研发针对肿瘤发生的靶向疗法，以专门攻击驱动癌症生长的分子机制。