**Ad Hominem Fallacy**: "You can't trust his research; he's just a fresh graduate with no real-world experience.
人身攻击谬误：你不能相信他的研究；他只是一个没有实际经验的应届毕业生。
**Strawman Fallacy**: "She argues for funding more art programs, but that's just like saying we should ignore science altogether.
稻草人谬误：她主张为艺术项目提供更多资金，但这就像说我们应该完全忽视科学一样。
**False Dilemma Fallacy**: "You're either with us or against us; there's no middle ground.
虚假二分法谬误：你要么支持我们，要么反对我们；没有中间立场。
**Appeal to Authority Fallacy**: "Dr. Smith says this supplement cures cancer, so it must be true.
诉诸权威谬误：史密斯博士说这种补品能治愈癌症，所以这一定是真的。
**Slippery Slope Fallacy**: "If we allow same-sex marriage, next we'll have to legalize polygamy and bestiality.
滑坡谬误：如果我们允许同性婚姻，接下来就不得不合法化一夫多妻制和兽交。
**Confirmation Bias Fallacy**: "I knew it was going to rain today; every time I forget my umbrella, the weather turns bad.
确认偏误：我就知道今天会下雨；每次我忘记带伞，天气就会变糟。
**Bandwagon Fallacy**: "Everyone is buying this new gadget; it must be amazing.
从众谬误：每个人都在买这个新玩意儿，它一定很棒。
**Circular Reasoning Fallacy**: "We know he's guilty because the evidence shows he's a criminal, and we know he's a criminal because he's guilty.
循环论证谬误：我们知道他有罪，因为证据显示他是一个罪犯，而我们知道他是一个罪犯，因为他有罪。
**Post Hoc Ergo Propter Hoc Fallacy**: "I drank this herbal tea and got better, so the tea must have cured me.
事后归因谬误：我喝了这种草药茶后好转了，所以这茶肯定治好了我。
**Hasty Generalization Fallacy**: "I met someone from that city who was rude, so everyone from there must be rude too.
轻率概括谬误：我遇到过一个来自那个城市的人，他很粗鲁，所以那里的人一定都很粗鲁。
Had SoftBank fallen into what investors call the "sunk-cost fallacy" - throwing good money after bad in an attempt to save the initial investment?
Michael Pettis, professor of finance at Peking University, said it is a fallacy that when an economy reaches a certain size it has to be financially open to the rest of the world.