She had
pent-up anger that she finally released in a shouting match with her boss.
她积累了许久的愤怒，终于在与老板的争吵中爆发出来。
After days of isolation, the children had
pent-up energy that needed to be expended.
在数天的隔离后，孩子们积攒了很多需要释放的能量。
His
pent-up frustration over the project led him to quit his job abruptly.
对项目积压的沮丧使他突然决定辞职。
The storm was a result of
pent-up atmospheric pressure.
这场风暴是因为空气压力积聚的结果。
The
pent-up emotions in the novel's protagonist are palpable.
小说主角压抑的情感显而易见。
The dancer's movements were explosive, releasing her
pent-up vitality.
舞者的动作充满爆发力，释放出她积蓄的生命力。
The team's
pent-up enthusiasm erupted in a victory celebration.
队伍积蓄的热情在胜利庆祝中爆发出来。
After hours of silence, he poured out his
pent-up thoughts to his friend.
经过几个小时的沉默，他向朋友倾诉了自己积压的想法。
The
pent-up demand for new technology products caused a sales surge.
对新科技产品压抑的需求导致了销售激增。
Her
pent-up creativity found an outlet in painting.
她压抑的创造力在绘画中找到了出口。
According to a report by CITIC Securities in July, Chinese infrastructure bidders will embrace more opportunities in BRI regions this year — the 10th anniversary of the initiative — as the release of pent-up demand is gathering pace in the post-COVID-19 era.
根据中信证券7月的一份报告，随着后新冠肺炎时代加速释放加速需求，中国基础设施投标人将在今年（该倡议实施10周年）在“一带一路”区域抓住更多机会。
The rebound, supported by strong pent-up demand, was rapid," he said.
在被压抑的强劲需求的支持下，反弹很快，”他说。
There is pent-up demand in China and the rest of Asia that we are now seeing released," noted Adam Hershman, vice- president of TUMI Asia Pacific and Middle East.
TUMI亚太和中东副总裁Adam Hershman指出：“中国和亚洲其他地区被压抑的需求正在释放。
The China branch of IMAX, a film technology company, is confident in the local market's recovery with plans to further expand its network this year, after a record-breaking start thanks to pent-up demand for premium theater experiences as the country optimized its COVID-19 control measures, its top executive said.
电影技术公司IMAX的中国分公司对当地市场的复苏充满信心，并计划在今年进一步扩大其网络。该公司高管表示，由于中国优化了新冠肺炎控制措施，对高级影院体验的需求增加，该公司创下了创纪录的开局。
"Manwaring said: "China has become the largest market for IMAX globally in regards to the theater network and this has provided consumers with abundant access to meet the pent-up demand.
曼瓦林说：“就影院网络而言，中国已成为全球最大的IMAX市场，这为消费者提供了充足的渠道来满足被压抑的需求。
"She expressed confidence in the future growth of Hualuxe in China, citing potential opportunities coming from a favorable macro environment and pent-up demand.
“她表示对华路仕未来在中国的增长充满信心，认为有利的宏观环境和被压抑的需求带来了潜在的机遇。
As more domestic areas are relaxing travel restrictions on visitors from Shanghai or other COVID-affected areas, the pent-up tourism demand in China is expected to find release this summer.
随着越来越多的国内地区放松对来自上海或其他受新冠疫情影响地区的游客的旅行限制，中国被压抑的旅游需求预计将在今年夏天得到释放。
Chen said the encouraging results are largely attributable to people's pent-up demands for travel as restrictions were loosened during the year and the propensity to pay a premium for first and business class seats which pushed up margins.
陈说，这一令人鼓舞的结果在很大程度上归因于人们对旅行的压抑需求，因为今年放松了限制，以及为头等舱和商务舱座位支付溢价的倾向，这提高了利润率。
"With pent-up demand gradually released, the prospects for the travel industry appear to be rosy in the coming months, and our Club Med Lijiang, which will open on Sept 25, is expected to further help fully unleash the consumption potential.
随着压抑的需求逐渐释放，未来几个月旅游业的前景看来一片光明。我们即将在9月25日开业的Club Med丽江度假村，预期将进一步助力消费潜力的全面释放。
There is pent-up demand being held back due to reduced capacity and border restrictions, and we are confident that travel will resume once travel policies begin to relax," said Wong Hong, Delta Air Lines' president in China.
“由于产能压缩和边境限制，目前存在被压抑的出行需求。我们相信，一旦旅游政策开始放宽，旅行将会恢复，”达美航空中国区总裁黄康表示。
Chinese retail complex giant Wanda Plaza reported booming traffic and sales during the just-concluded National Day holiday as pent-up consumption steam unleashes with anti-COVID-19 measures in place.
Chen Shihua, deputy secretary-general of the association, said the growth in May sales was largely the result of pent-up demand in recent months.
In the early stage, problems such as labor shortages, hindered supply chains, pent-up terminal markets and tight cash flow bothered us.
Foreign consumer brands are racing to resume operations in China after closures related to novel coronavirus pneumonia, as experts expect retail and entertainment to enjoy a robust rebound to make up for pent-up demand.
He added that while people are spending less on certain items, they have continued to act on their pent-up demand for travel after COVID-19.
Nevertheless, political advisers and experts said it is too early to pull back on stimulus measures, as the property market's recovery remains nascent, and consumer spending could weaken further if pent-up demand fades, which in turn could reignite downside risks amid lingering external uncertainties.
Pent-up demand for travel and social gatherings may fade now that the Mid-Autumn Festival and National Day holiday period is over, and the property sector has yet to see a full-blown recovery, he added.
In April, as pent-up demand was fully released, it was widely recognized that sluggish demand existed across sectors and thus economic expectations were lowered, which enhanced the mutual reinforcement between the scarring effects and liquidity pressures in the real estate market.
Major Chinese infrastructure builders and contractors are expected to embrace more opportunities this year amid the release of pent-up demand in the post-COVID-19 era — especially in regions involved in the Belt and Road Initiative — and alongside continued strength in the sector domestically, a report said.
Lu Ting, chief China economist at Nomura, said that his team expected manufacturing PMI to remain in contractionary territory in July, due to ongoing property woes and external challenges, while the nonmanufacturing PMI could weaken further on fading post-COVID pent-up demand for in-person services.
"In 2023, the domestic market is likely to exceed the 2019 level due to pent-up leisure and traveling demand after the epidemic, and the international market would gradually recover to pre-epidemic level during 2024 and 2025," said the airlines company, forecasting that its business would continue growing as China implements national strategies such as the Belt and Road Initiative and industrial upgrading.
During the first half of this year, China's macroeconomy has recovered rapidly, due to strong pent-up demand, policy support and a low comparison base, said Liu Xiaoguang, an associate professor at Renmin University of China's National Academy of Development and Strategy, and a primary member of the China Macroeconomy Forum.
Specifically, the survey showed that many businesses reported rises since May, as the May Day holiday helped unleash pent-up consumption orders for hotels, restaurants and travel.
As much of the world ground to a halt as a result of the pandemic during the past three years, pent-up demand for trade exhibitions and international travel grew.
"The April growth rate was mainly underpinned by positive short-term factors such as the low base effect over the same period last year, the release of pent-up orders and the lagging impact of inflation in advanced economies.
It said the relaxation of China's COVID response measures is expected to unleash pent-up consumer demand in China, which could provide a boost to international trade, particularly in travel-related services.
Xu Hongcai, deputy director of the China Association of Policy Science's Economic Policy Committee, said that pent-up demand in the services sector, especially contact-based services, has been unleashed gradually after the country optimized its COVID-19 response measures.
Pent-up demand accumulated during the past three years had been unlocked in a short time, which greatly bolstered real estate transactions.
Citing the recently released official first-quarter economic data, Wang said that the stronger-than-expected official data suggest China's economy was recovering at a rapid clip after the country optimized COVID-19 controls, yet it remains to be seen if the rebound is sustainable after a short-term release of pent-up demand.
Businesses boost supplies; discourse shifts to domestic demand expansionChina posted a robust growth in consumption during the five-day May Day holiday that ended Wednesday as many businesses across sectors made all-out efforts to tap pent-up demand, which experts said will further consolidate economic recovery and sustain sound development.
Looking to the second quarter of this year, Zhou said China's non-manufacturing sector will continue to rebound and perform better than the manufacturing sector, mainly fueled by the strong recovery of pent-up demand in fields like mobility, catering and tourism, the implementation of key infrastructure projects and the steady recovery of the property sector.
"Going forward, we expect growth in the in-person services sector to remain robust on pent-up demand and a low comparison base," Lu said, adding that the May Day holiday is the first multi-day holiday since January, which is likely to provide a boost to the in-person services sector.
Chinese shoppers have gradually unleashed their pent-up consumption demand, with the recovery of offline consumption scenarios, with retail, catering, tourism and accommodations gathering pace, said Zhou Maohua, an analyst at China Everbright Bank.
Citing the first quarter figures, Louise Loo, China lead economist at British think tank Oxford Economics, said the combination of a steady uptick in consumer confidence as well as the still-incomplete release of pent-up demand suggests that the consumer-led recovery still has room to run.
英国智库牛津经济研究院（Oxford Economics）的中国区首席经济学家路易丝·卢（Louise Loo）在引用第一季度数据时指出，消费者信心的持续上升以及尚未完全释放的被压抑需求相结合，表明以消费者为主导的经济复苏仍有进一步发展的空间。
With the reopening of various locations since the beginning of the year, pent-up demand has been fully released, Xu said.
"Looking ahead, Lu said the real test will be activity data in the second and third quarters after the release of pent-up demand fades.
"The new figure shows that even after a short period of release of pent-up demand, the foundation for economic recovery is not yet solid," said Wang Zhe, a senior economist at Caixin Insight Group.
Experts predict pent-up demand will reach new high as things return to normalBEIJING — Financial experts anticipate that the pent-up demand for consumption in China will be further unleashed as household savings in the country reached a new high last year.
The rebound came with a much-expected recovery in consumption as pent-up demand drove up retail sales in various sectors including catering.
However, Huang added, occupancy rates and rents in non-core business districts will continue to be impacted this year as there is pent-up supply delayed from 2022.
The gradual release of pent-up consumption is expected to drive a demand rebound for prime retail properties nationwide, and major Chinese cities are projected to welcome more than 8 million sq m of high-quality new retail supply in 2023.
BRINDLE: We see an unmet and pent-up demand for innovative medicines in China, especially in therapeutic areas like immunology and treatments for breast cancer and cardiovascular disease.
Financial experts anticipate that the pent-up demand for consumption in China will be further unleashed as household savings in the country reached a new high last year.
He said that robust consumption recovery over the past two months, driven by the unleashing of pent-up demand for travel and services, has signaled the potential for this year's growth, and that construction of key projects envisioned in the 14th Five-Year Plan (2021-25) has begun in earnest.
China's consumer market showed strong recovery signs in January, as pent-up economic activity swung back to growth.
The improvement in economic activity offers the latest official snapshot of the release of the pent-up demand, as the country is giving priority to expanding domestic demand and spurring consumption.
Guan Tao, global chief economist of BOC International, said the latest PMI reading points to steady improvement in both demand and supply, especially the rapid release of the pent-up consumption demand.
Given the optimized COVID-19 control measures, the gradual normalization of activities, the release of pent-up household spending and a low comparison base the previous year, he said notable growth of over 5 percent in China's retail sales may be achieved this year.
The credit rating agency expects pent-up demand for non-traded services to support a consumption rebound starting this spring.
All of them, however, have posted a strong recovery in the early part of this year when people swarmed shopping malls, restaurants, cinemas and tourist attractions during the weeklong Chinese New Year holiday, to satisfy their pent-up consumption desire.
Chinese shoppers unleashed their pent-up purchasing demand during the Spring Festival holiday, and their consumption level almost returned to the pre-pandemic level, said Pan Helin, co-director of the Digital Economy and Financial Innovation Research Center at Zhejiang University's International Business School.
With the Chinese economy beginning to rebound from the impact of the COVID-19 epidemic, the pent-up potential of consumption is being unleashed.
"The extent of pent-up demand release for offline discretionary consumer services exceeded our expectations modestly, due to the rate of COVID-19 infections nationwide peaking faster than expected.
"The strong rebound was mostly driven by the release of pent-up demand for in-person services, including tourism, hospitality and entertainment, which were hit the hardest by the pandemic over the past three years, as people flocked to scenic spots, watched fireworks shows and crowded into restaurants and hotels," said Lu Ting, chief China economist at global financial services provider Nomura.
Robust recovery in consumer spending in China during the Spring Festival holiday in late January has brightened hopes that the release of pent-up demand will inject strong impetus into the country's economic rebound, experts said on Tuesday.
After three years of COVID-related disruptions, there is "strong pent-up demand for consumption", Taylor said.
Lu Ting, chief China economist at Nomura, said that January's official manufacturing PMI was in line with market expectations, while the non-manufacturing PMI was well above market expectations, thanks to the release of pent-up demand for in-person services sectors.
Lu also warned of headwinds and challenges ahead, given relatively moderate pent-up demand, mainly in catering and tourism, long-term issues in the property sector and weakening external demand.
Pent-up demand also could fuel a stronger rebound in China, according to the report, titled "Inflation Peaking amid Low Growth".
During the weeklong Spring Festival holiday, which ended last Friday, cinemas, restaurants, and tourist attractions were swamped with people eager to meet their pent-up consumption desires.
Private consumption, particularly that of services, is set to lead the recovery, supported by pent-up demand, a recovering labour market and excess savings," it noted.
During the holiday, people also swarmed into cinemas, restaurants, and different types of tourist attractions, satisfying their pent-up consuming desire.
China's growth potential was further unleashed by orderly easing of mobility restrictions, followed by a strong release of pent-up demand for consumption and services, according to a report recently issued by the World Bank.
Chinese shoppers unleashed their pent-up purchasing demand during the Spring Festival, and their consumption level has almost returned to pre-pandemic levels, said Pan Helin, co-director of the Digital Economy and Financial Innovation Research Center at Zhejiang University's International Business School.
"The pent-up consumption demand will gradually recover with the optimized COVID-19 measures taking effect, which will strongly boost growth.
We expect to see strong pent-up demand for activities and consumption, which previously faced restrictions.
This includes an orderly easing of mobility restrictions followed by a strong release of pent-up demand for consumption and services," the report said.
Wang Jun, director of the China Chief Economist Forum, said the lifting of COVID-19 restrictions in China will promote consumption recovery, which will also be driven by other factors like excessive savings and pent-up willingness to consume during the pandemic over the last three years.
"Chinese consumers are showing their spending enthusiasm during the period around Spring Festival and there is a pent-up demand due to the pandemic that needs to be released.
The pent-up consumption enthusiasm due to COVID-19 is expected to be released around the Spring Festival holiday, when a new round of consumption upsurge will appear, said Song.
Officials and experts said consumer spending will rebound, as reduced disruption from COVID-19 is expected to release pent-up demand, which will be seen after the first quarter and be a key driver for economic recovery this year.
The World Bank said in its latest China Economic Update that consumer confidence is expected to improve as pent-up demand is released after the first quarter.
Lu Ting, chief China economist at Nomura, said that while some pent-up demand is likely to be released with the further optimization of COVID-19 containment measures, there remain some factors that may hinder the recovery, such as the impact of COVID-19 and insufficient pent-up demand.
Lu said both supply and demand could be dented in the early stages, which would result in relatively stable inflation, adding that inflation may pick up slightly due to some release in pent-up demand.
"Beyond the immediate support from a rebound in pent-up demand from the COVID-19 shock, there are also more long-term changes underway that should support cross-border trade in the years ahead --- these include increased regionalism, strength in services trade, innovation, and climate politics," he said.
More domestic destinations are relaxing travel restrictions on tourists from Shanghai as the metropolis is getting COVID-19 under control, and experts expect the pent-up tourism demand of Shanghai residents will be unleashed in the coming months.
Liu Hui, director of the Consumption and Industry Development Research Institute of JD, said although the pandemic had an impact on consumption, the June 18 online shopping festival has injected a strong impetus into the nation's consumer market and fully unleashed people's pent-up purchasing demand.
京东消费及产业发展研究院院长刘晖表示，尽管疫情对消费产生了一定影响，但618网购节为全国消费市场注入了强劲动力，充分释放了人们的消费需求。
Pent-up demand due to earlier COVID lockdown to spur global firms' earningsGlobal shipping companies will see more orders from China in the coming months as the COVID-19 situation eases in Shanghai while continuing to adopt new tactics to compete with each other, said analysts and business executives on Wednesday.
Even though it will take some time for shipping and port businesses to return to normal in Shanghai, there are huge amounts of pent-up demand, both from factories resuming work and their urgent need for exporting products overseas after the delay, said Zhou Zhicheng, a researcher at the Beijing-based China Federation of Logistics and Purchasing.
As production and life return to normal, pent-up consumption power will be gradually released.
Although many short-term vacation rental platforms have adjusted their operating strategies and shifted their focus to rural homestays, the nation's shared accommodation segment is still facing huge pressure and uncertainty as pent-up demand for travel has not been fully unleashed and the new business model is not mature, the SIC said.
We would also see some pent-up demand because it has been difficult to travel and it has been difficult to have vacation for some period (of time).
Rise to 54.9 in July a sign pent-up demand can help ride out fresh COVID scareDespite heavy rainfall in some areas, China's services grew strongly in July, as evidenced by a spike in a key gauge, suggesting the sector is so resilient it will probably have no trouble at all in withstanding the disruption brought by the latest wave of local COVID-19 cases, experts said on Wednesday.
Experts attributed the July rise in services mainly to two factors: the summer vacation that boosted consumption of services; and the release of pent-up demand after the containment of local COVID-19 cases in Guangdong province.
Pent-up demand for services should find a release thereafter.
His comment was based on an updated forecast on Tuesday from the World Bank, which sees the world's second-largest economy reaching GDP growth of 8.5 percent in 2021, thanks to pent-up demand and strong exports.
China's GDP growth is projected to reach 8.5 percent on a yearly basis in 2021, thanks to the pent-up demand and strong exports, according to the World Bank, which updated the economic forecasts in its regional economic report on Tuesday.
China's economic growth is expected to accelerate to 8.5 percent this year, faster than projected in January, supported by buoyant exports and release of pent-up demand amid effective control of the COVID-19 outbreak, the World Bank said in a report on Tuesday.
According to the General Administration of Customs, China's foreign trade expanded 28.5 percent year-on year-to 11.62 trillion yuan ($1.8 trillion) in the January-April period as global recovery picked up and pent-up demand was unleashed.
Economists from the bank attributed the economic boom to the improved job market, restored consumer confidence and the release of pent-up household demand.
Domestically, pent-up demand for services, together with potential supply bottlenecks in some services sectors, may lead to the recovery in consumer prices, especially the core CPI, she said.
Lu Ting, chief China economist at Nomura Securities, said that the large rebound is attributed to the lifting of constraints on economic activity before and during the Lunar New Year, and the ensuing release of pent-up demand in March thanks to the successful containment measures.
Experts said the new moves are aimed at ramping up demand-side measures and boosting consumption to better unleash pent-up consumer demand, boost innovation-driven development and inject new impetus into the economy.
The recovery has been driven by robust trade, pent-up demand and government stimulus, and export growth hit a record pace in February while factory gate prices posted their biggest expansion since November 2018.
Ning Jizhe, head of the NBS, said while releasing the data that consumption is playing an increasingly significant role in spurring economic growth, and the effective containment measures will lead to a gradual strengthening of the (pent-up) consumer demand.
To fully unleash pent-up consumption potential, it is necessary to make continued efforts to tackle bottlenecks constraining domestic demand, including lack of efficient medium and high-end supply systems and a slowdown in residents' income growth, Zhang said.
"We expect some pent-up demand for services in the second quarter, boosting GDP growth by 0.2 percentage points," Lu said.
The World Bank, in its 2021 Global Economic Prospects, said its revised-up prediction for China reflected the release of "pent-up demand and a quicker-than-expected resumption of production and exports".
Cyclical stocks that are sensitive to a recovery in capital spending, such as industrials and materials, have the brightest prospects as these industries should benefit from pent-up demand from companies that need to upgrade their technology.
With the effective control and prevention of the epidemic, the (pent-up) consumer demand will gradually strengthen.
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