The differential of the function f(x) is df/dx.
这个函数f(x)的微分是df/dx。
In physics, torque is the differential force applied to an object.
在物理学中，扭矩是对物体施加的差动力。
A gear differential allows wheels on an axle to rotate at different speeds.
齿轮差速器允许车轴上的轮子以不同的速度旋转。
The differential equation describes how a system changes over time.
微分方程描述了系统随时间的变化。
She was adept at solving differential equations in her calculus class.
她在微积分课上擅长解微分方程。
The differential privacy mechanism adds noise to protect individual data.
差分隐私机制添加噪声来保护个人数据。
The car's suspension system has adjustable differential settings.
汽车悬挂系统的差速器设置可以调整。
The gradient descent algorithm uses the derivative (differential) to minimize a function.
梯度下降算法利用导数（微分）来最小化一个函数。
Economists often analyze economic growth using differential equations.
经济学家经常使用微分方程来分析经济增长。
The teacher explained the concept of partial differential equations with a real-life example.
老师用一个现实生活中的例子解释了偏微分方程的概念。
State Grid Zhejiang Electric Power Co is among such enterprises and recently installed six sets of differential protection and other power supply devices in Anji county in Huzhou, Zhejiang.
国网浙江电力公司就是这样的企业之一，最近在浙江湖州安吉县安装了六套差动保护和其他供电设备。
It will insist on the implementation of differential credit policies, improve the ability to choose high-quality assets, and make targeted efforts to defuse asset risks of key clients and in key fields of the economy, Wang said.
王表示，该行将坚持实施差别化信贷政策，提高选择优质资产的能力，有针对性地化解重点客户和经济重点领域的资产风险。
The Danfoss booth also demonstrates industry-leading products such as Danfoss Turbocor oil-free centrifugal compressors, Danfoss differential pressure control valves, fluid control inverters and the Danfoss Digital Displacement pump.
丹佛斯展台还展示了行业领先的产品，如丹佛斯Turbocor无油离心压缩机、丹佛斯差压控制阀、流体控制逆变器和丹佛斯数字排量泵。
Accurate control of the locomotive is also ensured thanks to the differential positioning of China's Beidou Navigation Satellite System.
But it will adopt a flexible and differential competitive strategy to take on other established players that have already scooped up big market shares, Yu said.
"Even though Hainan Airlines is a latecomer to the global market, pursuing a differential competitive strategy is necessary for the company because other carriers have already scooped up many market resources," said Li Xiaojin, a professor at the Civil Aviation University of China in Tianjin.
To expand opening-up in the services sector, China should strive to minimize market access restrictions for foreign businesses, as well as eliminate differential treatment and hidden market barriers.
Interest rate differentials domestically and internationally could impact financial markets.
As the world's largest developing country, China will enjoy its rights in balance with fulfilling its obligations, Wang said, adding the country will deal with special and differential treatment in an autonomous and pragmatic approach and undertake obligations on par with its own economic development level and capacity.
In the WTO, the actual special and differential treatment clauses enjoyed by China are far lower than the average level of other developing countries.
According to WTO agreements, developing country members are entitled to special and differential treatment as compared with developed country members, including lower levels of market liberalization, longer transitional periods to meet obligations or implement results of negotiations, greater flexibility in using policy instruments or maintaining policy space as well as access to technical assistance.
Meanwhile, amid the preparation for such a mode, efforts will be made to manage trade connections between the FTP and other regions in China, which mainly target issues concerning the coherence of trade policies such as duty differential.
Wu Lixia, vice-president of the Gansu Council for the Promotion of International Trade, said the province, with its rich and diverse climate types and abundant sunlight, clean soil, water resources and air — plus a big temperature differential — has good natural conditions for developing its characteristic agriculture.
In addition, we will continue to adopt differential policies for real estate corporate customers," Hu said.
The US Federal Reserve is still in the tightening process, which will result in an inverted interest rate differential between the US and China.
Robin Xing, chief China economist at Morgan Stanley, said he expects China to see rising but manageable capital outflow pressure as the country maintains a decent real rate differential with the US.
Talking about "special and differential treatment," Wang said that China is the world's largest developing country because it is still faced with acute problems caused by unbalanced and inadequate development, as well as an arduous development agenda.
When it comes to lowering the overall tariff level or actually enjoying "special and differential treatment," China has undertaken obligations far beyond its WTO commitments, he said.
As for electricity prices on the consumer side, industry experts said enhancements to the current differential and tiered pricing system are expected to improve energy efficiency.
Suppliers will not be subject to differential or discriminatory treatment in the release of government procurement information, certification, qualification examination and evaluation standards, the ministry said.
Tony Sycamore, Asia-Pacific analyst with City Index, a United Kingdom-based trading service provider and part of Gain Capital, said he expects the renminbi to remain supported by interest rate differentials and strong economic fundamentals, among other factors.
According to the regulator, China will continue to promote price reforms in the energy sector, especially in the power transmission and distribution sector, improve the pricing mechanism for new energy such as wind and photovoltaic power, and implement differential and tiered power prices for energy-intensive and highly-polluting industries to promote carbon reduction.
It also specifies behaviors that constitute abusing market dominance, such as unfair pricing, sales below cost, refusal-to-deal, restricted trading, tie-in sales, attaching unreasonable trading conditions and differential treatment.
As a result, the dollar will likely continue to trade well above the fundamentals and both the interest rate differential and the growth differential with the rest of the developed world have shrunk from pre-COVID-19 levels.
Economists also predicted that the normalization of China's monetary and fiscal policies will further elevate the interest rate differential between China and the United States, which will be one of the drivers of a further appreciation of the renminbi and stronger foreign exchange inflows into China next year.
Economists also predicted that the normalization of China's monetary and fiscal policies will further elevated the interest rate differential between China and the United States, which is one of the drivers of a further appreciationxa0of renminbi and stronger foreign exchange inflows into China next year.
According to a survey led by the administration in September 2022, about 60 percent of respondents had complained about the differential pricing and called for a centralized procurement program to make the service more affordable.
This has exerted downward pressure on domestic coal prices and narrowed price differentials with overseas supplies.
This means, there are huge yield differentials between onshore and offshore, even from the same issuer, which could signal a rare opportunity for investors.
We recently saw onshore/offshore differentials of around 500 basis points for a high-quality BB-rated issuer, and 1300 basis points further down the credit curve, albeit these gaps have since narrowed a bit.
Liu Jianwei, senior statistician of NBS, said most of the local governments used differential housing policies in February in accordance with the local market situation so as to maintain stable and healthy development.
Analysts were surprised that five rigs were added in the Permian Basin despite the big price differential between Midland and WTI due to pipeline bottlenecks.
On the one hand, they convert ocean energy such as ocean waves, tides and temperature differentials into marine computing power, and thus help realize low-carbon and even zero-carbon development for the once high-energy-consuming data centers.
MG 7 is also equipped with an eLSD, which stands for electronic limited slip differential, that improves handling.
MG 7还配备了电子限滑差速器（eLSD），这可以提升车辆的操控性能。
As the major buying group for automobiles is becoming younger, Geely's high-end arm Lynk & Co is identifying customers' individual needs from more refined perspectives, expanding its product layout and cultivating differential markets.
The new 8-speed M Steptronic automatic transmission adopted by the new models not only has better fuel economy, but also has a preferable collaboration with BMW's M xDrive intelligent all-wheel drive system and differential lock.
Compared with other electric vehicle, the e-Golf provides an exciting and dynamic driving experience, thanks to the XDS electronic differential lock.
The new model will come with enhanced equipment including M Sport suspension, variable sport steering and M Sport brakes－besides two BMW M Performance models with six-cylinder in-line engines and M Sport differentials in the line-up.
The i-MMD hybrid motor,xa0alreadyxa0used in the Honda Accord hybrid, combines a 2.0-liter 4-cylinder with a pair of electric motors, one powering the engine and the other mated to the differential.
The first BMW 5 Series - with electronic all-wheel drive - was launched in 1991, capturing the concept of fully variable power distribution from front to rear, together with a rear axle differential lock.
Wen Bin, chief economist at China Minsheng Bank, said the country's rising resilience in foreign trade and recovering capital inflows amid narrowing US-China interest rate differentials will set the stage for the country's foreign exchange reserves to further recover.
They also say that accounting firms must classify data on different scales of importance to apply differential management protocols.
Some other experts are more cautious about the possibility of interest rate cuts in the fourth quarter, given the central bank's emphasis on keeping the yuan stable amid an elevated interest rate differential between the United States and China, which is weighing on the Chinese currency.
"As dollar-denominated assets are high-yield assets, a widening US-China interest rate differential could still exert pressure on the renminbi even if the US Federal Reserve does not raise interest rates further," he said.
That as well as the expanding US-China interest rate differential and the depreciation of the renminbi are major reasons that China needs to reduce its holdings of US assets, said Jiang, who is also a researcher at the Academy of China Open Economy Studies at the University of International Business and Economics in Beijing.
Move shows confidence in Chinese economy, yuan-denominated assetsChina's bond market has attracted net capital inflows in the first half of this year despite the US-China interest rate differential, reflecting global investors' solid confidence in yuan-denominated assets as well as the Chinese economy, officials and experts said on Friday.
Investors bought Chinese bonds despite the high US-China interest rate differential amid the US Federal Reserve's aggressive interest rate hikes.
The widening US-China interest rate differential, experts said, has put pressure on the yuan against the dollar.
This divergence may widen US-China interest rate differentials and intensify capital outflow pressure on China.
Foreign exchange market stability has come under the spotlight as the People's Bank of China, the country's central bank, cut benchmark interest rates this week, sparking discussions on whether easing interest rates will widen the US-China interest rate differential and intensify depreciation pressure on the yuan.
Due to rising pressure from low inflation and the nation's stabilizing moves, China loosened its monetary policy against the trend, significantly narrowing the interest rate differential between the yuan and the greenback and weighing on the RMB exchange rate.
Experts said the slower-than-expected ease in US inflation indicates that the Fed might further raise interest rates by 50 basis points this year to a range of between 5 and 5.25 percent, which could broaden the US-China interest rate differential in the short term.
As China's economy steadily recovers, renminbi-denominated assets have become increasingly appealing to global investors, which can help offset the pressure of capital outflow caused by the US-China interest rate differential, Zhou said.
Experts said that keeping growth stable should remain the top priority of monetary policy, despite the concerns of some that further accommodative moves could widen interest rate differentials between the United States and China, and weaken the renminbi.
"In our view, China's growth outlook appears more important to the renminbi than factors such as interest rate differentials and the current account balance," Shan Hui, Goldman Sachs' chief China economist, said in a research report.
It can be expected that China's interest rates will not be elevated, which will result in the further expansion in the widening interest rate differential between China and the US.
The lender has taken measures this year such as increasing credit support, providing differential pricing and scrapping transaction fees, as part of efforts to lower financing costs for foreign trade enterprises.
China will implement differential charges for different market entities in different sectors to create a balance among the risks, returns and responsibilities, and to avoid damage to national and taxpayer interests," he said.
In this context, interest rate differentials between China and the US have been narrowing and even inverting, said Bai Xue, analyst of the research and development department of Golden Credit Rating.
Global portfolios are underweight in China and foreign investors are eager to increase their exposure because of China's relatively high economic growth trajectory, the substantial interest rate differentials between China and the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) countries, and the opportunity to diversify into assets whose returns are not highly correlated to those of existing holdings, said a report issued by the NCUSCR and consultancy firm Rhodium Group on Tuesday.
Large capital inflows into China's equity and bond markets may continue this year due to the differential interest rates in the domestic and international markets.
The differential between the economic growth of China and that of the world could therefore expand to 5 percent this year, versus 3.2 percent last year.
Other measures to be undertaken by the CBIRC includes instructing banks on launching differential performance evaluation incentives and making detailed rules to prevent loan officers from being held responsible for loan default as long as they conduct proper due diligence.
This could be attributed to the following factors: i) increasing flexibility in exchange rate and less direct intervention by utilizing forex reserves; ii) the divergence in central bank policies and increases in interest-rate differentials (RMB versus USD), which provide fundamental support; iii) accelerated pace of capital account openness to attract inflows from global institutional investors and stricter restrictions on capital outflows from domestic investors.
The bank said it will also take advantage of technology to help solve financing difficulties among small and medium-sized private enterprises by providing differential and precise services.
The shift in focus comes in the wake of a slowdown in corporate banking and shrinking interest rate differential, experts said.
Nomura analyst Lu Ting also expects the PBOC to maintain its rates, adding that low interest rates are needed to stabilize economic growth amid headwinds, while interest rate differentials between China and the United States given the PBOC some leeway in not following the Fed's hike.
"We do not expect the authorities to proactively weaken the currency, but the multi-year low interest rate differential has naturally led to depreciation pressures (despite capital control)," said a report led by economist Song Yu with Goldman Sachs.
The China-US interest rate differential is usually seen as one of the key factors influencing the pace and direction of cross-border capital flows.
They speculated that increased interest rate differentials between the US and other major economies were behind the recent fluctuations in the US dollar.
Some analysts, however, expect the central bank to raise benchmark interest rates, or asymmetrically raise the one-year deposit rate later this year, to keep the US-China rate differential from getting too wide and prevent a surge of capital outflows from China.
The money supply will gradually expand, but problems including weak growth of interest rate differentials and rising credit costs might threaten net profits.
The banking regulator has differential regulatory policies to improve the coverage of loans for small businesses and reduce their financing costs.
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