四级It is a thing of no great difficulty, according to Plutarch, to raise objections against another man's speech, it is a very easy matter; but to produce a better in its place is a work extremely troublesome.

根据普鲁塔克的说法，对另一个人的言论提出异议并不困难，这是一件非常容易的事情；但生产更好的替代品是一项极其麻烦的工作。

考研According to the standard history of American philosophy, nowhere else in colonial America was “So much important attached to intellectual pursuits.”

根据美国哲学的标准历史，殖民地时期的美国没有其他地方“如此重视智力追求”

四级The accord underlined Italy's global reputation as a good steward of art and culture.

该协议突出了意大利作为艺术和文化的优秀管理者的全球声誉。

六级According to Chinese officials, their activities in Antarctica lay greater emphasis on scientific research.

据中国官员称，他们在南极洲的活动更加注重科学研究。

四级Both he and a crew member are being investigated for unintentional murder and exposing people to danger, according to police.

据警方称，他和一名机组人员都因无心谋杀和将人置于危险之中而受到调查。

考研In the third quarter, CEO turnover was down 23% from a year ago as nervous boards stuck with the leaders they had, according to Liberum Research.

根据Liberum Research的数据，第三季度，CEO的更替率比一年前下降了23%，这是因为紧张的董事会与他们所拥有的领导者纠缠在一起。

四级On the other hand, indicators of a person's accumulated knowledge—like performance on tests of vocabulary and general knowledge—kept improving with age, according to findings published in the journal Neurobiology of Aging.

另一方面，根据发表在《衰老的神经生物学》杂志上的研究结果，一个人积累知识的指标，如词汇测试成绩和一般知识，随着年龄的增长而不断提高。

四级According to the firm’s vice-president of Marketing and Sales, We benefited from low expectations.

据该公司负责营销和销售的副总裁说，我们从低期望中获益。

六级Well-off families are ruled by calendars, with children enrolled in ballet, soccer and after-school programs, according to a new Pew Research Center survey.

皮尤研究中心（Pew Research Center）的一项最新调查显示，富裕家庭受日历支配，孩子们参加芭蕾舞、足球和课外活动。

四级The findings shed light on normal age-related changes in mental function, which could aid in understanding the process of dementia ( ' , 痴呆), according to the researchers.

这些发现揭示了与年龄相关的精神功能的正常变化，这有助于理解痴呆症的发病过程，痴呆), 根据研究人员的说法。

考研jobs are at high risk of being automated, according to a University of Oxford study, with the middle class disproportionately squeezed.

据牛津大学的一项研究表明，乔布斯面临着被自动化的高风险，而中产阶级的比例却被过度挤压。

四级Most people's minds function at a high level even in their later years, according to researcher Timothy Salthouse.

研究人员蒂莫西·索尔特豪斯（Timothy Saltwouse）表示，大多数人的大脑即使在晚年也处于较高水平。

六级More than a quarter of children live in single-parent households—a historic high, according to Pew—and these children are three times as likely to live in poverty as those who live with married parents.

根据皮尤的数据，超过四分之一的儿童生活在单亲家庭——这是历史最高水平，这些儿童生活在贫困中的可能性是与已婚父母生活在一起的儿童的三倍。

考研What’s not to like? Quite a lot, according to a handful of scientists quoted in the News Feature.

有什么不喜欢的？根据新闻特写中引述的一些科学家的说法，相当多。

考研Professional scientists are expected to know how to analyze data, but statistical errors are alarmingly common in published research, according to David Vaux, a cell biologist.

据细胞生物学家大卫·沃克斯（David Vaux）说，专业科学家应该知道如何分析数据，但统计错误在已发表的研究中却非常普遍。

考研However， Allen believed that the unconscious mind generates as much action as the conscious mind， and while we may be able to sustain the illusion of control through the conscious mind alone， in reality we are continually faced with a question： “Why cannot I make myself do this or achieve that？ ”Since desire and will are damaged by the presence of thoughts that do not accord with desire， Allen concluded ： “ We do not attract what we want， but what we are.

然而，艾伦认为，潜意识产生的行动与意识产生的行动一样多，虽然我们可能能够通过意识维持控制幻觉，但实际上我们不断面临一个问题：“为什么我不能让自己做这件事或实现那件事？”因为欲望和意志会受到艾伦总结道：“我们吸引的不是我们想要的，而是我们自己。”。

四级The number of British films being made has declined in the past few years, according to new figures.

据最新数据显示，在过去几年中，正在拍摄的英国电影数量有所下降。

考研According to the World Social Science Report 2010, the number of social-science students worldwide has swollen by about 11% every year since 2000.

根据《2010年世界社会科学报告》，自2000年以来，全世界社会科学学生的数量每年增长约11%。

四级According to a report by Deloitte, teamwork is becoming increasingly popular among companies.

根据德勤的一份报告，团队合作在公司中越来越受欢迎。

六级According to the Centre for Strategic and International Studies,about three quarter of energy we use to move things, including ourselves, accomplishes no useful work.

根据战略与国际研究中心（CentreforStrategicalandInternationalStudies）的数据，我们用于移动物体（包括我们自己）的能源中，约有四分之三无法完成任何有用的工作。

四级Urbanization – migration away from the suburbs and to the city center – will be the biggest real estate trend in 2015, according to a new report.

根据一份新报告，城市化——从郊区向市中心迁移——将是2015年最大的房地产趋势。

四级On Sunday, the castle’s owner John Gordon, 76, was forced to move out his property after the River Dee swept away about 60 feet of land, leaving the castle dangerously close to the river, according to the Scottish Daily Record.

根据苏格兰每日记录，周日，城堡的主人约翰·戈登（John Gordon），76岁，在迪河冲走了大约60英尺的土地后，被迫搬走了他的财产，使城堡危险地靠近河流。

六级According to a new study, the number of advertisements with green messages in mainstream magazines has risen since 1987, and peaked in 2008 at 10.

根据一项新的研究，自1987年以来，主流杂志上带有绿色信息的广告数量一直在上升，2008年达到10个。

四级Earlier this year, Italy signed an accord with UNESCO to establish a task force of police art detectives and archaeologists (考古学家) to protect cultural heritage from natural disasters and terror groups, such as IsiS.

今年早些时候，意大利与联合国教科文组织签署了一项协议，成立一个由警察艺术侦探和考古学家组成的工作队(考古学家) 保护文化遗产免受自然灾害和伊斯兰国等恐怖组织的破坏。

六级According to Richard Rusczyk, the company founder, the six U.S.team members who competed at the IMO last year collectively took more than 40 courses on the site.

据该公司创始人理查德·罗斯奇克（Richard Rusczyk）称，去年在国际海事组织（IMO）参加比赛的六名美国队成员总共在该网站上学习了40多门课程。

六级According to Mark Saul, the director of competitions for the Mathematical Association of America, not a single African-American or Hispanic student—and only a handful of girls—has ever made it to the Math Olympiad team in its 50 years of existence.

据美国数学协会竞赛主管马克·索尔（Mark Saul）说，在数学奥林匹克队成立50年的时间里，没有一个非裔美国人或西班牙裔学生，只有少数女孩进入过该队。

四级12 billion in 2015, according to a new report from market research company Mintel.

根据市场研究公司Mintel的一份新报告，2015年将达到120亿美元。

考研The largest firms in America and Britain together spend more than $15 billion a year on CSR, according to an estimate by EPG, a consulting firm.

根据咨询公司EPG的估计，美国和英国最大的公司每年在企业社会责任方面的支出总计超过150亿美元。

四级Rescue efforts were underway Thursday morning for 17 miners who were stuck in an elevator below ground at Cargill rock salt mine near Lansing, New York, according to Marcia Lynch, Public Information Officer at Tompkins County’s Emergency Response Department.

据汤普金斯萨克郡紧急响应部门的公共信息官员玛西娅·林奇（Marcia Lynch）介绍，周四上午，17名矿工被困在纽约兰辛附近的嘉吉岩盐矿地下电梯中，救援工作正在进行。

四级Is it possible to enjoy a peaceful life in a world that is increasingly challenged by threats and uncertainties from wars, terrorism, economic crises and a widespread outbreak of infectious diseases? The answer is yes, according to a new book The 10 Golden Rules: Ancient Wisdom from the Greek Philosophers on Living a Good Life.

在一个日益受到战争、恐怖主义、经济危机和传染病大爆发的威胁和不确定性挑战的世界上，有可能享受和平生活吗？答案是肯定的，根据一本新书《十大黄金法则：古希腊哲学家关于美好生活的智慧》。

四级Dogs may have learned to detect threat signs from humans and respond by trying to make peace, according to researcher Sanni Somppi.

研究人员Sanni Somppi表示，狗可能已经学会了检测人类发出的威胁信号，并通过尝试实现和平做出反应。

六级According to a marketing executive, many students from low-income families don't know they could have a chance of going to an elite university.

根据一位营销主管的说法，许多来自低收入家庭的学生不知道他们有机会上名牌大学。

六级The achievement gap between children from high- and lowincome families is 30-40% larger among children born in 2001 than those born 25 years earlier, according to Mr.

他说，2001年出生的高收入家庭和低收入家庭的孩子之间的成就差距比25年前出生的孩子大30-40%。

考研More than 60,000 people have purchased the PTKs since they first become available without prescriptions last years, according to Doug Fog, chief operating officer of Identigene, which makes the over-the-counter kits.

据生产非处方药包的Identigene首席运营官道格·福格（Doug Fog）介绍，自去年首次在没有处方的情况下提供PTK以来，已有6万多人购买了PTK。

六级Add a rapidly changing economy and an uncertain future to this 24/7 connectivity, and you've got a recipe for overwork, according to Phyllis Moen.

菲利斯·莫恩说，在这种24/7的连通性中，再加上快速变化的经济和不确定的未来，你就有了过度工作的秘诀。

六级According to Moen, flexibility gives employees better control over their work and time.

根据Moen的说法，灵活性使员工能够更好地控制自己的工作和时间。

六级Managing ecosystems sustainably is more profitable than exploiting them, according to the Millennium Ecosystem Assessment.

根据千年生态系统评估，可持续地管理生态系统比利用生态系统更有利可图。

六级Facing water shortages and escalating fertilizer costs, farmers in developing countries are using raw sewage ( ' , 下 水道污水) to irrigate and fertilize nearly 49 million acres of cropland, according to a new report—and it may not be a bad thing.

面对水资源短缺和化肥成本不断上升，发展中国家的农民正在使用未经处理的污水（“，下 水道污水) 根据一份新的报告，灌溉和施肥近4900万英亩的农田，这可能不是一件坏事。

考研During the 2016 presidential campaign, nearly a quarter of web content shared by Twitter users in the politically critical state of Michigan was fake news, according to the University of Oxford.

在2016总统竞选期间，推特用户在密歇根政治危急状态下分享的网络内容中，几乎四分之一是虚假新闻，据牛津大学报道。

六级According to geologists' estimates, Antarctica has enormous reserves of oil and natural gas.

根据地质学家的估计，南极洲拥有巨大的石油和天然气储量。

四级According to the FBI, crimes like these accounted for roughly twothirds of all household burglaries in the US in 2013.

根据联邦调查局（FBI）的数据，2013年，此类犯罪约占美国所有家庭盗窃案的三分之二。

考研According to many books and articles, New England’s leaders established the basic themes and preoccupations of an unfolding, dominant Puritan tradition in American intellectual life.

根据许多书籍和文章，新英格兰的领导人确立了美国知识生活中正在发展的、占主导地位的清教徒传统的基本主题和关注点。

四级According to a new study from Cornell University's Food and Brand Lab, small nonfood rewards—like the toys in McDonald's Happy Meals—stimulate the same reward centers in the brain as food does.

根据康奈尔大学食品和品牌实验室的一项新研究，像麦当劳快乐餐中的玩具这样的小的非食品奖励会刺激大脑中与食物相同的奖励中心。

考研According to several studies concluding that parents are less happy than childless couples, single parents are the least happy of all.

根据几项研究得出的结论，父母比没有孩子的夫妇更不幸福，单亲父母是最不幸福的。

六级Reclassify cigarettes according to packaging.

根据包装重新分类香烟。

考研According to research from Princeton University, people assess your competence, trustworthiness, and likeability in just a tenth of a second, solely based on the way you look.

根据普林斯顿大学的研究，人们仅仅根据你的长相，在十分之一秒内就可以评估你的能力、可信度和可爱度。

六级Mr.Ishiguro, have you ever found one of your books at a secondhand bookstore? According to a study of race and equity in education, black athletes are dropping out of college across the country at alarming rates.

石黑浩先生，你有没有在二手书店找到过你的书？根据一项关于种族和教育公平的研究，全国黑人运动员的大学辍学率令人震惊。

六级Nearly 2.2 million people die a year because of diarrhea-related ( ' , 与腹泻相关 的) diseases, according to WHO statistics.

每年有近220万人死于与腹泻有关的疾病，与腹泻相关 的) 根据世卫组织的统计，疾病。

四级But according to Aristotle—a student of Plato and teacher of Alexander the Great—most relationships don't qualify as true friendships.

但根据亚里士多德——柏拉图的学生和亚历山大大帝的老师——的说法，大多数关系都不符合真正的友谊。

四级That's especially worrying, she says, given that anorexia ( ' , 厌食症) results in more deaths than does any other mental illness, according to the National Institute of Mental Health.

她说，这尤其令人担忧，因为厌食症（'，厌食症) 根据国家心理健康研究所的数据，死亡人数比任何其他精神疾病都多。

考研Some attributed virtually every important cultural achievement to the inventions of a few, especially gifted peoples that, according to diffusionists, then spread to other cultures.

一些人把几乎每一项重要的文化成就都归因于少数民族的发明，特别是有天赋的民族的发明，根据扩散论者的说法，这些发明随后传播到其他文化中。

四级This danger can be avoided, according to computer science professor Stuart Russell, if we figure out how to turn human values into a programmable code.

根据计算机科学教授斯图尔特·拉塞尔（Stuart Russell）的说法，如果我们知道如何将人类价值观转化为可编程代码，这种危险是可以避免的。

六级According to the survey, that lack of enthusiasm could stem from concerns about privacy and security.

根据调查，这种缺乏热情可能源于对隐私和安全的担忧。

四级According to an ancient Greek philosopher, it is impossible for us to understand every aspect of our life.

根据一位古希腊哲学家的说法，我们不可能了解生活的方方面面。

四级According to Charles Harper, chairman of ConAgra, the Healthy Choice line of frozen dinners began with his own heart attack.

据康尼格拉公司董事长查尔斯·哈珀（Charles Harper）称，冷冻晚餐的健康选择始于他自己的心脏病发作。

六级The U.S. trails far behind every wealthy nation and many developing ones that have family-friendly work policies including paid parental leave, paid sick days and breast-feeding support, according to a 2007 study.

根据2007年的一项研究，美国远远落后于所有富裕国家和许多实行家庭友好型工作政策的发展中国家，包括带薪育儿假、带薪病假和母乳喂养支持。