exposed 

52309
单词释义
adj.无遮蔽的,不遮挡风雨的,易受攻击(或批评)的,无保护的,风险高的,很可能遭受经济损失的
v.暴露,显露,露出,揭露,揭穿,使面临,使遭受(危险或不快)
expose的过去分词和过去式
词根词缀记忆/谐音联想记忆 补充/纠错
词根ex 出 + pos 放,放置 + e → 放出来  …………
其他怎么记补充/纠错
对比记忆impose 强加
expose 揭露
propose 计划
suppose 假设 …………
词性拓展记忆 / 词形拓展记忆
原形:expose第三人称单数:exposes过去式:exposed过去分词:exposed现在分词:exposing
对比记忆 / 类比记忆 / 形近词记忆
辨析记忆
disclose / expose / uncover / reveal
这些动词都表示“揭露、暴露”之意。
disclose → 侧重指揭露或泄露鲜为人知或保密的事。
expose → 多指揭露丑闻、坏人坏事或各种阴谋。也可指某物暴露 …………
词组和短语补充/纠错
expose to 暴露于
expose ... to ... 暴露于
expose sb. to sth. 使某人暴露于某事
exposed to abuse 遭受虐待
get exposed to 暴露于
expose sb. to 使某人暴露于
exposed to different cultures 接触不同的文化
be exposed to sth. 暴露于某事
expose sth. to 使某物暴露于
to be exposed to 暴露于
单词例句
You expose the people's privacy.
你们曝光别人的隐私。
They want to expose the kids to as much art and culture as possible.
他们想让孩子们受到尽可能多的艺术和文化薰陶。
Through post-operation team meetings, the problems exposed by personnel, equipment and collaborative operations during the test process are promptly summarized and reported by the test leaders to the digital control platform for subsequent unified coordination and rectification.
通过运行后小组会议,对测试过程中人员、设备、协同操作暴露出的问题,由测试负责人及时汇总上报至数控平台,供后续统一协调整改。
Founder and Chairman of New Oriental Yu Minhong apologized on Thursday and said the dispute was supposed to be "an internal matter" but exposed big management holes within East Buy.
新东方创始人兼董事长俞敏洪周四表示道歉,并表示这场纠纷本应是“内部事务”,但暴露了东买内部管理层的巨大漏洞。
Initially, a traditional coin-counting machine was used, but it proved impractical due to a daily count limit and degradation of the coins — many of which had long been exposed to the elements.
最初,人们使用传统的硬币计数机,但由于每日计数的限制和硬币的退化,这被证明是不切实际的——其中许多硬币长期暴露在恶劣环境中。
The Foreign Ministry said on Wednesday that China has not issued any law, regulation or policy document to ban the purchase and use of cellphones of Apple or other foreign brands, but noted that media reports have exposed security incidents involving iPhones.
外交部周三表示,中国尚未发布任何法律、法规或政策文件禁止购买和使用苹果或其他外国品牌的手机,但指出媒体报道曝光了涉及iPhone的安全事件。
Being exposed to this irreversible world trend, not only the government but also the people are keen to push for the transition.
面对这种不可逆转的世界趋势,不仅政府,而且人民都热衷于推动过渡。
Zhang said participants of the program will be exposed to Huawei's cutting-edge ICT training.
张说,该项目的参与者将接触到华为尖端的信息通信技术培训。
The delisting decisions came amid an ongoing audit dispute between China and the US that has exposed some US-listed Chinese issuers to the risk of forced delistings.
退市决定出台之际,中美之间正在进行的审计纠纷使一些在美上市的中国发行人面临被迫退市的风险。
Currently, TikTok is also willing to expose social media influencers to more audiences, Yang said.
杨说,目前,TikTok也愿意向更多的观众展示社交媒体的影响者。
"We see that individuals and households are increasingly exposed to risks that can disrupt their ability to provide for old age through their own savings," he said.
"In the (alleged) incident, an unhealthy dynamic in a working environment, a disgusting drinking culture, a lack of transparency when reporting issues together exposed pervasive, deeply rooted unspoken rules," the agency said in a notice on its website on Tuesday.
Soon after the fake ads were exposed, the administration investigated Qihoo 360, a Chinese cyber security company, and headquarters of the search engine, and found that the enterprise did not review content uploaded by the agent responsible for the ads, the report said.
Shares of 360 Security Technology Inc fell by 0.36 percent to 14.02 yuan ($2.16) per share on Tuesday in Shanghai, after the Chinese security company, known for its antivirus software, was exposed during an annual consumer rights show.
However, all age groups and geographies surveyed showed barriers to well-being — and challenges with time, stress and access to resources exposed a need for employers to better support the well-being of the workforce.
"The tragic crashes of Lion Air Flight 610 and Ethiopian Airlines Flight 302 exposed fraudulent and deceptive conduct by employees of one of the world's leading commercial airplane manufacturers," said David P. Burns, acting assistant attorney general of the Justice Department's criminal division.
Everyone is given opportunity to expose their talented skills," said Vetrivel, a supervisor of the project.
But at the same time, the rapid development also will expose security risks, such as information security and supply chain security.
The diplomat also denounced some US politicians' hostile remarks about the Communist Party of China, saying that these only "expose their ignorance of China and the Party".
A string of companies apologized for their negligence after being exposed by China's annual consumer rights gala on Thursday.
Burger King, a US-based fast-food chain, has been exposed for failing to meet its operating standards, including using expired ingredients to make hamburgers at some outlets in Nanchang, Jiangxi province.
Property developer Vanke claimed in a statement it has solved water leakage problems in the exposed real estate project in Guangzhou by June 30, 2019.
"Amidst the global battle against COVID-19, demands for better and faster drug innovation are growing and we have seen people with chronic diseases exposed to huge health risks," said Christine Zhou, senior vice president of Novo Nordisk and president of its China arm.
Luckin Coffee Inc, the so-called rival to Starbucks in China, has exposed itself to the risks of delisting and even bankruptcy due to severe fabrication of sales data, experts said.
Their poor performance fully exposed their unspeakable sinister intentions and political attempts.
Moreover, it exposed police officers to greater danger, as they could be attacked when rioters realize, through use of the app, that they outnumber officers, she added.
"With our common ideals, collaboration between Honeywell and Sichuan Airlines will expand from our business-related partnership, to regional benefits that expose those in rural areas to the opportunities to learn," Lien said.
For as many as two-thirds of those affected, the exposed data could include mailing addresses, phone numbers, email addresses and passport numbers.
"The names, addresses, passport numbers and other sensitive personal information that was exposed is of greater concern than the payment info, which was encrypted," said analyst Ted Rossman of CreditCards.
"An internal security tool signaled a potential breach in early September, but the company was unable to decrypt the information that would define what data had possibly been exposed until last week.
Target also had an incident in 2013 that affected more than 41 million customer payment card accounts and exposed contact information for more than 60 million customers.
"Didi's management loopholes were also exposed in the inspection such as inadequate assessment of drivers' professional qualification and background information, posting threat to public safety," the ministry said.
"Compared with other Chinese gold producers, Zijin Mining is more exposed to prices of gold and other metals due to its portfolio of more diversified mining assets," said Zhu Yi, senior analyst of metals and mining from Bloomberg Intelligence.
"Moreover, the quality of products is consistent, and workers are protected from being exposed to the glue.
Swiss Re has 154 years of experience in insuring and paying claims in exposed areas all over the world.
The move follows Douyin's advertisement on the Sougou search engine, which insulted Qiu Shaoyun, a war hero in the Korean War (1950-53) who let himself burn alive while he laid perfectly still so his platoon wouldn't be exposed.
We believe that initiatives like our Seeds for the Future program are a key solution to improving the gender and diversity agenda as they provide a training ground for more women to be exposed to the revolutionary field of technology,” concluded Lane.
"The addition of new capacity in the market during certain periods and tightening control over import of raw materials will expose the company to stern challenges," said Cheung.
Driven by a growing tech-savvy Chinese population who are more internationally exposed and willing to spend, total cross-border e-commerce sales in China are expected to surge 37 percent to $137.3 billion by 2020, according to estimates by research firm eMarketer.
"I got exposed to digital and technology in my previous jobs.
However, losses racked up by Nidera, and accounting troubles exposed last year in its Latin American operations led to COFCO International wanting to divest parts of the business, according to news agency Reuters.
"By taking a child outside in a pram they are more exposed to pollution than an adult who would be pushing that pram," Romano said.
Such methods are inconvenient and expose users to cyber theft or phone fraud.
"We believe it's not that they don't like these products, it's just that they haven't been exposed to them yet," Chilton said.
"Suning's car supermarket has no intention to race for market share with 4S stores, but to help with their business and expose car brands to consumers via a better channel," he said.
Chinese investors have taken a shine to London offices, where the property market tends to be volatile; but other cities in the UK are less volatile as they are less exposed to the impact of Brexit.
But the survey pointed out that other companies need to do more to expose corrupt practices.
"Our advantage is that the students are exposed to our technology and products (during the training)," he said, adding that students trained by the institute are not obligated to use the company's products.
Ngozi Okonjo-Iweala, director-general of the World Trade Organization, said in a speech via video link that "the inaugural supply chain expo is the right event at the right time", as the shocks of the COVID-19 pandemic and the supply disruptions that followed exposed general vulnerabilities in the way global production networks are organized.
"The CIIE further exposed us to industry purchasers.
It is the largest trade fair in the world, and we are exposed to the demands of global buyers," said Rajat Bose from New Delhi who exhibited hand tools at the fair.
The country's main opposition party, the Democratic Party of Korea, has proposed a law aimed at banning imports of seafood exposed to radioactive water, which could include all fishery products from Japan, party spokeswoman Lee So-young said on Thursday.
Various uncertainties in the global economy have exposed Southeast Asian countries to challenges related to expanding employment, supporting livelihoods and maintaining growth.
Countries adopting hegemonic and coercive moves not only raise economic risks for others, but also expose their own economies to a high level of vulnerability.
What's more, the front-line workers do not have to be exposed to dust and pungent smell.
A worldwide pandemic has killed millions, battered economies and exposed weaknesses in supply chains.
MNCs in China are also exposed to risks from climate change.
The lack of effective international coordination to cushion the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and geopolitical conflicts has further exposed this problem.
Eyes now on National Congress to show where country's path liesThere is nothing quite like a crisis to expose the weaknesses in systems and societies.
In five years, over 1 million people will be relocated within the province to avoid being exposed to ecological and geological disasters, Ren added.
In the past few years of studying in the country, she has been exposed to the booming digital economy and cross-border e-commerce, and has even tried her hand at livestreaming.
The fight against the COVID-19 pandemic, due to the existence of the vaccine divide, has not become an opportunity for global cooperation and collaboration, but rather, exposed the weaknesses of global governance, strengthened the hand of protectionism and furthered the spread of inflation.
The epidemic has exposed the problems of poor logistics and obstructed traffic.
The comments came after China Media Group's annual consumer rights gala on Tuesday to celebrate the annual World Consumer Rights Day exposed a string of online services and electronic products that infringe on consumers' legitimate rights and interests.
Some foreign trade enterprises in China are also exposed to greater risk of logistics disturbances, although the overall impact on China's foreign trade is limited, they said.
Citing a report released by the McKinsey Global Institute, Wang said the world has become more economically exposed to China.
In the past few years, the WTO has been hit by the anti-globalization trend, and it also exposed some systemic defects.
"We need to carefully trim the branches to make sure the fruit is exposed to as much sunlight as possible.
"Broadening foreign investment access through higher-level opening-up, especially in the financial sector, indeed will expose the Chinese economy to some risks," said Huo Jianguo, vice-chairman of the Beijing-based China Society for World Trade Organization Studies.
Yet the predicted growth remains exposed to downside risks, especially any major resurgence of domestic COVID-19 cases, Wang said, citing the recent outbreaks in areas such as Jiangsu province.
Georgieva noted that shrinking fiscal resources will make it even harder for poorer nations to boost vaccinations and support their economies, which will leave millions of people unprotected and exposed to rising poverty, homelessness, and hunger.
Where dust and exposed mines were a common sight, green mountains and verdant valleys are ubiquitous today in warmer days.
"The domestic stock, foreign exchange and bond markets will all be exposed to risks due to a possible QE tapering in the United States," said Wang Youxin, a senior researcher with Bank of China.
"The unprecedented COVID-19 outbreak has exposed the limitations and weak links of the healthcare systems in various Asian countries.
Reforms have continued despite the crisis, especially in the financial sector, and further measures to support financial liberalization could expose China to the global financial cycle even more, the IMF experts said.
"I was very lucky to have been exposed to China.
I was exposed to knowledge through technology transfers and its history, culture and friendships.
In the words of management consulting firm McKinsey & Co, Generation Z are genuine digital natives-from their earliest youth, they had been exposed to the Internet, social networks and mobile devices.
Gen Zers are exposed to a fast-developing environment from the moment they are born, and are able to embrace and digest new technologies quickly.
This medication provides an effective treatment for adults exposed to the rabies virus, filling a gap in the market for anti-rabies virus drugs.
Speaking shortly after she had received the Chinese group visiting Zanzibar for the first time after the COVID-19 pandemic, Mbamba said the group from various provinces in China will be exposed to various tourist attractions.
"The Chinese visitors will be exposed to our culture, heritage and beach tourism and other various attractions that will enable them to promote them when they go back to China," said Mbamba when she received the Chinese visitors at the Abeid Amani Karume International Airport.
Guo explained that people are exposed to news of Chinese astronauts engaging in extravehicular activities and China's lunar probes landing on the moon, making them more receptive to the futuristic scenes depicted in sci-fi movies.
The original rammed earth walls are clad with recycled bricks, and the wooden structures are exposed on the inside, enabling guests to trace the history of the house.
As it has become hard for highly leveraged real estate enterprises to sustain robust sales and high profits, their heavy interest payment burdens exposed many of them; and cash flow strains put some at risk of bankruptcy.
"Since the real reason why capitalists are hyping up metaverse has been exposed, the Chinese authorities should remain calm and prepare to effectively deal with a potential metaverse bubble," he said.
Sonia Awale, executive editor of the Nepali Times, said that many reporters have been at the front lines of the pandemic, which constantly exposed them to the danger of infection.
These difficulties have also exposed coal shortages and runaway prices for the fuel.
China's annual consumer rights gala on Monday evening gave prominence to personal information protection, with several ethical and legal violations exposed relating to face recognition.
Adopting a user-generation content model, the platform manages to attract some 100 million users who are exposed to lifestyle-sharing notes 8 billion times per day, it has arguably transformed into a crucial channel for purchase decisions.
Bank of Jinzhou Co Ltd, a troubled city commercial lender whose risks were exposed last year, published its delayed 2019 results on June 26.
Compared with European consumers, Chinese consumers are exposed to luxury brands at a younger age.
"In the course of the outbreak response, weak links in our air transport capacity have been exposed.
Thanks to social media, the boundary between marketing and selling has become vague, as more platforms have made it easier for consumers to be exposed to ads and purchasing channels, he said.
"The current pork shortage has exposed the inherent vulnerability of a supply chain dependent on animals and has created a gap that the next generation of plant-based pork is perfectly poised to fill," Caroline Bushnell, associate director at the Washington-based Good Food Institute, said in a report.
"By having their brands exposed during hot sports events, companies can reach their potential consumers in a more efficient way, so as to help increase sales and expand brand influence," said Leon Zhang, partner of global consultancy Prophet.
"The Chinese pharmaceutical market will be a pocket of growth for the entire global industry, with companies exposed to oncology, vaccines and rare diseases standing to benefit in particular," it said.
Li Xiaoyong, deputy secretary-general of the block chain branch under the Circulation Expert Committee of China Marketing Association, said: "As China is taking a leading role in the digital economy, massive data are exposed through the internet every day.
In 2016, ICBC launched, in London,a new methodology in a research paper to help banks assess the credibility of loans they give to companies that are exposed to risks arising from the tighter environmental protection standards around the world.
Hugo Hernandez, executive director of the state-run Salvadoran Coffee Council, said public policy aimed to reactivate the sector after the disease dented output by destroying the plant's leaves, leaving coffee beans exposed to sunlight, changes in weather and insects.
"But, Fu said, outbound investment in gold mining could also expose investors to risks, including unstable political environments.
Because of the differences between hospitals, be it the equipment or the variety of cases doctors are exposed to, grassroots doctors - those who work in community, town or village-level clinics - usually have less access to ongoing professional education.
考试真题例句(机器翻译仅供参考)
全部
高考
四级
六级
考研

高考And the more birds are exposed to light, the more active they are at night.

鸟类暴露在阳光下的次数越多,它们在夜间就越活跃。

2015年高考英语四川卷 阅读理解 阅读D 原文

高考His study shows that when robins are exposed to light at night in the lab, it leads to some genes being active at the wrong time of day.

他的研究表明,当知更鸟晚上在实验室暴露在光线下时,会导致一些基因在一天中的错误时间激活。

2015年高考英语四川卷 阅读理解 阅读D 原文

四级When muscles perform an activity they aren't regularly expose to, the tiny fibers that are inside them are being torn apart.

当肌肉进行他们不经常接触的活动时,它们内部的细小纤维被撕裂。

2019年12月四级真题(第一套)听力 Section C

六级But efforts are in place to expose more black, Hispanic, and low-income students to advanced math, in the hope that the demographic pool of high-level contenders will eventually begin to shift and become less exclusive.

但目前正在努力让更多黑人、西班牙裔和低收入学生学习高等数学,希望高水平竞争者的人口结构最终将开始转变,不再那么排外。

2017年6月阅读原文

六级I'm afraid to refuse to work, but I'm more afraid to expose my unborn child to the radiation.

我害怕拒绝工作,但我更害怕让我未出生的孩子暴露在辐射下。

2012年12月听力原文

六级After the failure of Lehman Brothers, many of the world’s largest banks feared the worst as the collapse of the housing bubble exposed investments in risky loans.

雷曼兄弟(Lehman Brothers)破产后,世界上许多最大的银行都担心房地产泡沫的破裂会暴露风险贷款投资的风险。

2016年6月听力原文

考研Subjects exposed to fast-food flashes also tend to think a musical piece lasts too long.

接触快餐快闪的受试者也倾向于认为音乐片段持续时间太长。

2013年考研真题(英语二)阅读理解 Section Ⅱ

六级Humans cannot, and would die if their legs were exposed for any length of time.

人类不能,如果他们的腿暴露在外任何时间都会死亡。

2017年12月六级真题(第三套)阅读 Section C

六级The robots in Asimov's fiction expose complications and loopholes in the three laws, and even when the laws work, robots still have to assess situations.

阿西莫夫小说中的机器人揭露了这三条定律中的复杂性和漏洞,即使这三条定律起作用,机器人仍然需要评估各种情况。

2017年12月六级真题(第二套)阅读 Section C

六级The outer layers of the volcano were worn away until the hard core stood completely exposed.

火山的外层被磨损,直到硬核完全暴露出来。

2016年12月听力原文

四级Bad management techniques will be exposed.

糟糕的管理技术将会暴露出来。

2013年6月阅读原文

六级The hills are remnants of an earlier geological era, scraped bare of most soil and exposed to the elements.

这些山丘是早期地质时代的遗迹,大部分土壤被刮得光秃秃的,暴露在恶劣的环境中。

2018年6月六级真题(第一套)阅读 Section B

六级Unless renewables become cheap enough that substantial carbon deposits are left underground for a very long time, if not forever, the planet will likely be exposed to potentially catastrophic climate risks.

除非可再生能源变得足够便宜,以至于大量的碳沉积在地下很长一段时间(如果不是永远的话),否则地球将可能面临潜在的灾难性气候风险。

2017年6月阅读原文

考研In a series of four experiments, behavioral scientists at the University of Chicago and the Wisconsin School of Business tested students' willingness to expose themselves to unpleasant stimuli in an effort to satisfy curiosity.

在一系列的四次实验中,芝加哥大学和威斯康星商学院的行为科学家测试了学生们为了满足好奇心而暴露在不愉快刺激下的意愿。

2018年考研真题(英语二)完形填空 Section Ⅰ

考研It's based on a somewhat fantasized, very white, very upper-middle-class ideology that says if you're failing to expose your child to 30,000 words you are neglecting them.

这是基于一种有点幻想的、非常白人的、非常上层中产阶级的意识形态,即如果你不能让你的孩子接触30000个单词,你就忽略了它们。

2017年考研真题(英语二)阅读理解 Section Ⅱ

六级“ Humans cannot, and would die if their legs were exposed for any length of time.

“如果人类的腿暴露在外很长一段时间,人类就不能也会死亡。

2017年12月英语六级考试真题(卷三)

六级Living in the digital age, we are unavoidably exposed to all kinds of digital products, such as digital camera, digital computer, digital television, and so on, which grow in an increasing categories and quantities.

生活在数字时代,我们不可避免地会接触到各种数字产品,如数码相机、数字计算机、数字电视等,这些产品的种类和数量都在不断增加。

2007年12月英语六级真题

六级She found many families were being exposed to high, sometimes deadly levels of chemicals and other toxic substances.

她发现,许多家庭都暴露在高水平、有时甚至致命的化学物质和其他有毒物质中。

2009年12月英语六级真题

四级We are again exposed to one of those unexpected adventures, or misadventures, of science that attracts our attention from the boring routines of daily existence and encourages us to think a lot about man’s future.

我们再次暴露在科学中的一次意想不到的冒险或不幸中,它将我们的注意力从日常生活的无聊日常中吸引出来,并鼓励我们思考人类的未来。

1994年6月大学英语四级(CET-4)真题

四级The sudden illness or death of farmers, farm workers, and others exposed to sufficient quantities of pesticides is very sad and should not occur.

农民、农场工人和其他接触足够数量农药的人突然生病或死亡是非常可悲的,不应该发生。

1995年6月大学英语四级(CET-4)真题

四级As soon as men leave the atmosphere they are exposed to this radiation but their spacesuits or the walls of their spacecraft, if they are inside, do prevent a lot of radiation damage.

人类一旦离开大气层,就会暴露在这种辐射下,但如果他们在里面,他们的宇航服或航天器的墙壁确实可以防止大量的辐射损伤。

1996年1月大学英语四级(CET-4)真题

四级Exposed to higher standards of service elsewhere, Israelis are returning home expecting the same.

面对其他地方更高标准的服务,以色列人回国后也期待着同样的服务。

2003年1月大学英语四级(CET-4)真题

四级Limit the amount of virtual (虚拟的) violence your children are exposed to.

限制虚拟的数量(虚拟的) 你的孩子会遭受暴力。

2003年12月大学英语四级(CET-4)真题

四级Or they may wish to expose their children to another culture, and the opportunity to learn a second language.

或者,他们可能希望让孩子接触另一种文化,并有机会学习第二语言。

2006年6月大学英语四级(CET-4)真题

四级This has also resulted in an increase in the sheer number of advertisements to which audiences are exposed.

这也导致了观众接触到的广告数量的增加。

2008年6月大学英语四级考试真题

四级Women cry more frequently and intensely than men, especially when exposed to emotional events.

女性比男性哭得更频繁、更激烈,尤其是在遇到情绪事件时。

2014年6月大学英语四级考试真题(第3套)

四级Research has also found that white students benefit by being challenged and exposed to new perspectives.

研究还发现,白人学生通过受到挑战和接触新的视角而受益。

2020年9月大学英语四级真题(第2套)

四级Some teachers are finding ways to expose students to Asian-American issuesu200a—u200aif not during school hours, then outside of them.

一些老师正在想办法让学生接触亚裔美国人的问题。

2020年9月大学英语四级真题(第2套)

考研Actual loss will depend upon the particular frequencies to which one is exposed, and whether the sound is continuous or intermittent.

实际损失将取决于一个人所暴露的特定频率,以及声音是连续的还是间歇性的。

1988年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题

考研Owing to the remarkable development in mass-communications, people everywhere are feeling new wants and are being exposed to new customs and ideas, while governments are often forced to introduce still further innovations for the reasons given above.

由于大众传播的显著发展,世界各地的人们都有了新的需求,并接触到了新的习俗和思想,而政府往往由于上述原因被迫引入更多的创新。

2000年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题

考研“I think that the kinds of things that women are exposed to tend to be in more of a chronic or repeated nature.

“我认为,女性接触到的这类事情往往更具慢性或重复性。

2008年全国硕士研究生招生考试英语试题

考研Men go to war and are exposed to combat stress.

男人去打仗,暴露在战斗压力之下。

2008年全国硕士研究生招生考试英语试题

考研Men are exposed to more acts of random physical violence.

男性暴露在更多随机的身体暴力行为中。

2008年全国硕士研究生招生考试英语试题

考研The kinds of interpersonal violence that women are exposed to tend to be in domestic situations, by, unfortunately, parents or other family members, and they tend not to be one-shot deals.

不幸的是,妇女面临的人际暴力往往发生在家庭中,由父母或其他家庭成员实施,而且往往不是一次性的。

2008年全国硕士研究生招生考试英语试题

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